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Comparing efficacy and safety of fibrinogen concentrate to cryoprecipitate in bleeding patients: a systematic review

Department of Anaesthesia, Bispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Section for Transfusion Medicine, Capital Region Blood Bank, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Anaesthesia, Centre of Head and Orthopedics, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Juliane Marie Centre - Department of Anaesthesia, 4013 Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.

Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica. 2016;60((8):):1033-42
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Bleeding is associated with the depletion of fibrinogen, thus increasing the risk of coagulopathy, further bleeding and transfusion requirements. Both fibrinogen concentrate and cryoprecipitate replenish low plasma fibrinogen levels. This systematic review aims to identify and evaluate evidence of efficacy and safety of fibrinogen concentrate and cryoprecipitate in bleeding patients. METHOD Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Medline, EMBASE up to 2nd of March 2015 were among the electronic search strategies of randomized controlled trials and non-randomized studies with meta-analysis employed. Studies for inclusion required bleeding patients being treated with either fibrinogen concentrate or cryoprecipitate. Mortality was the primary endpoint. Secondary outcomes included bleeding, coagulopathy, transfusion requirements and clinical complications related to the intervention. PRISMA methodology, a data-extraction form and the Cochrane risk of bias tool were all employed. RESULTS Four studies were eligible for inclusion in this systematic review; one randomized controlled trial (RCT) consisting of 66 patients and three observational studies involving 218 patients in total. No mortality was reported in the published papers. There were no differences in fibrinogen-level increase, bleeding, RBC transfusions or thromboembolic complications. The RCT showed a possible increased functional improvement of haemostasis after cryoprecipitate therapy compared to fibrinogen concentrate. CONCLUSION The available evidence directly comparing fibrinogen concentrate to cryoprecipitate is sparse and with high risk of bias. Recommendation of one product over the other for fibrinogen substitution in the bleeding patient with acquired hypofibrinogenaemia is currently not possible. Future research should guide us towards evidence-based decisions of product superiority.
Study details
Study Design : Systematic Review
Language : English
Credits : Bibliographic data from MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine