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Intravenous immunoglobulin with prednisone and risk-adapted chemotherapy for children with opsoclonus myoclonus ataxia syndrome associated with neuroblastoma (ANBL00P3): a randomised, open-label, phase 3 trial

Department of Pediatrics, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Peoria, Peoria IL. Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA. Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA. Department of Biostatistics, Children's Oncology Group Statistics and Data Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL. Department of Biostatistics, Children's Oncology Group Statistics and Data Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL. Departments of Pediatrics and Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA. Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA. Seattle Children's Hospital and University of Washington Department of Pediatrics, Seattle WA. Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA. Department of Pediatrics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL.

The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health. 2018;2((1)):25-34.
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Abstract
Purpose: No previous clinical trial has been conducted for patients with neuroblastoma associated opsoclonus myoclonus ataxia syndrome (OMA), and current treatment is based on case reports. To evaluate the OMA response to prednisone and risk-adapted chemotherapy and determine if the addition of intravenous gammaglobulin (IVIG) further improves response, the Children's Oncology Group designed a randomized therapeutic trial. Patient and Methods: Eligible subjects were randomized to receive twelve cycles of IVIG (IVIG+) or no IVIG (NO-IVIG) in addition to prednisone and neuroblastoma risk-adapted chemotherapy. All low-risk patients were treated with cyclophosphamide. The severity of OMA symptoms was evaluated at 2, 6, and 12 months using a scale developed by Mitchell and Pike and baseline versus best response scores were compared. A single patient who did not undergo neurologic assessment was excluded from OMA response analysis. This study is registered with Clinical Trials.gov (identifier NCT00033293). Results: Of the 53 patients enrolled in the study, 62% (33/53) were female. There were 44 low-risk, 7 intermediate-risk, and 2 high-risk neuroblastoma patients. Twenty-six subjects were randomized to receive IVIG+ and 27 were randomized to NO-IVIG. The neuroblastoma 3-year event-free survival (95% confidence interval (CI)) was 94.1% (87.3%, 100%) and overall survival was 98.0% (94.1%, 100%). Significantly higher rates of OMA response were observed in patients randomized to IVIG+ compared to NO-IVIG [21/26=80.8% for IVIG+; 11/27=40.7% for NO-IVIG (odds ratio=6.1; 95% CI: (1.5, 25.9), p=0.0029)]. For the majority of patients, the IVIG+ OMA regimen combined with cytoxan or other risk-based chemotherapy was well tolerated, although there was one toxic death in a high-risk subject. Conclusion: This is the only randomized prospective therapeutic clinical trial in children with neuroblastoma-associated OMA. The addition of IVIG to prednisone and risk-adapted chemotherapy significantly improves OMA response rate. IVIG+ constitutes a back-bone upon which to build additional therapy.
Study details
Language : English
Credits : Bibliographic data from MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine