Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA. Department of Anesthesiology, Kaiser Permanente, Portland, OR, USA. Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA. Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, UC Davis Vascular Center, Davis, CA, USA. Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA. miriam.treggiari@yale.edu. Department of Anesthesiology, Yale University, 333 Cedar Street, TMP-3, New Haven, CT, USA. miriam.treggiari@yale.edu.