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Combined Use of Tranexamic Acid and Rivaroxaban in Posterior/Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion Surgeries Safely Reduces Blood Loss and Incidence of Thrombosis: Evidence From a Prospective, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study

Department of Orthopedics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Lixia District, Ji'nan, Shandong, China. Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Huaiyin District, Jinan, Shandong, China. Department of Orthopedics, Weihaiwei People's Hospital, Huancui District, Weihai, Shandong, China. Department of Orthopedics, Liao Cheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong, China. Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital, Dongying, Shandong, China.

Global spine journal. 2021;:21925682211024556
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Abstract
STUDY DESIGN A prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. OBJECTIVES There are few studies examining the balance between preventing venous thrombus embolism (VTE) and reducing blood loss in posterior/transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF/TLIF) surgeries. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the combine application of TXA and rivaroxaban in patients undergoing PLIF/TLIF and explore relevant factors related to blood loss and VTE. METHODS Patients in group A which was the control group received 0.9% NaCl solution intravenously. Group B was treated by an intravenous injection of 2 g tranexamic acid (TXA) and the local use of 1 g intraoperatively. Group C was treated the same as group B intraoperatively, and they received 10 mg rivaroxaban qd treatment postoperatively. Eligible patients with an Autar score ≤ 10 were randomly assigned to group A or group B. Patients with an Autar score >10 were allocated into group C. RESULTS The intraoperative blood loss and postoperative drainage were lower in groups B and C than in group A (P < .001). The blood transfusion rate in group B was lower than that in group A (P < .001), while the incidence of VTE in group C was lower (P < .001). Four factors were found to be positively correlated with obvious total blood loss (P < .05). The data showed that 5 factors were correlated with the development of a thrombus (P < .1). CONCLUSIONS The combination of TXA and rivaroxaban in PLIF/TLIF patients is safe and effective in reducing D-dimer levels associated with VTE and reducing blood loss.
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Language : eng
Credits : Bibliographic data from MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine