Department of Internal Medicine, Okinawa Prefectural Chubu Hospital, Uruma, Japan. Department of Preventive Services, Kyoto University School of Public Health, Kyoto, Japan. Kyoto University Health Service, Kyoto, Japan. Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA. Department of Pharmacy, Okinawa Prefectural Chubu Hospital, Uruma, Japan. Department of Pharmacy, Okinawa Prefectural Hokubu Hospital, Nago, Japan. Department of Management Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo, Japan. Department of Biostatistics, Tsukuba Clinical Research & Development Organization, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan. Department of Information and Computer Technology, Faculty of Engineering, Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo, Japan.