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Indirect Treatment Comparison of Damoctocog Alfa Pegol versus Turoctocog Alfa Pegol as Prophylactic Treatment in Patients with Hemophilia A
Vashi P, Batt K, Klamroth R, Mancuso ME, Majewska R, Tiede A, Mantovani LG
Journal of blood medicine. 2021;12:935-943
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the efficacy and FVIII consumption of BAY 94-9027 versus N8-GP in prophylaxis in adolescent and adult patients with severe hemophilia A (HA). PATIENTS AND METHODS A systematic literature review was conducted to identify studies on the efficacy of BAY-94-9027 and N8-GP for prophylaxis in patients with HA aged ≥12 years without a history of inhibitors. Eight studies met systematic literature review inclusion criteria, but only data from PROTECT VIII on BAY 94-9027 and PATHFINDER 2 on N8-GP could be used for an indirect comparison. Matching-adjusted indirect comparison (MAIC) and simulated treatment comparison were performed. RESULTS No significant differences (unadjusted and adjusted) were observed in the mean annualized bleeding rate (ABR) for any bleed and proportion of patients with zero bleeds when comparing BAY 94-9027 to N8-GP. The adjusted treatment difference [incidence rate ratio (IRR)] in terms of ABR was 1.11 (95% CI, 0.85-1.44). The odds ratio (OR) of any bleed, measuring the relative effect of BAY 94-9027 versus N8-GP on the proportion of patients with zero bleeds, was 1.03 (95% CI, 0.60-1.77). FVIII consumption was significantly lower in BAY 94-9027 [mean adjusted difference=-1292.57 IU/kg/year (95% CI, ‒2152.44 to ‒432.70)]; a 26.7% reduction in consumption of BAY-94-9027. The results of the sensitivity analyses were similar to the main analysis for mean ABRs, percentages of patients with zero bleeds, and significant reduction in rFVIII consumption. For patients on BAY 94-9027 every-5-days and every-7-days, no differences versus every-4-days N8-GP were observed for the mean ABR for any bleed [IRR=0.90 (95% CI, 0.68‒1.20)] and proportion of patients with zero bleeds [OR=1.06 (95% CI, 0.56‒2.02)]. CONCLUSION BAY 94-9027 prophylaxis demonstrated 26.7% lower annual consumption when compared to N8-GP with similar efficacy in terms of ABR and percentage of patients with zero bleeds.
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2.
Comparative evaluation of the safety and efficacy of recombinant FVIII in severe hemophilia A patients
Abolghasemi H, Panahi Y, Ahmadinejad M, Toogeh G, Karimi M, Eghbali A, Mirbehbahani NB, Dehdezi BK, Badiee Z, Hoorfar H, et al
Journal of Pharmacopuncture.. 2018;21((2)):76-81.
Abstract
Objective: This study compared the safety and efficacy of Safacto versus xyntha in patients with severe hemophilia A. Methods: Thirty-three male patients with severe hemophilia A were randomly divided into two groups. Seventeen patients received Safacto and 16 patients received Xyntha for four consecutive times. The dosage of FVIII was 40-50 IU/kg for each injection. Plasma level of FVIII activity was evaluated before every injection, 15 minutes after the injection and one month after the start of the trial. The rate of factor VIII activity, pain and joint motion were also assessed before and after the treatment. Results: Plasma level of FVIII clotting activity in Safacto and Xyntha were 1.96+/-0.5 IU/dl and 1.63+/-0.5 IU/dl and increased to 88.84+/-25.2 IU/dl and 100.09+/-17.8 IU/dl, respectively (P<0.001). Pain score and range of motion improvement were 9.3+/-0.9 and 8.7+/-0.1 in Safacto (P=0.17); and 9.4+/-0.8 and 8.8+/-0.3 in Xyntha (P=0.35), respectively. No allergic or other unfavorable reactions was observed with either of the preparations. Conclusion: This study showed that Safacto has a favorable efficacy and safety profile.
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3.
A randomized clinical trial of prophylaxis in children with hemophilia A (the ESPRIT Study)
Gringeri A, Lundin B, Von Mackensen S, Mantovani L, Mannucci PM
Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis. 2011;9((4):):700-10.
Abstract
Background: Prevention of arthropathy is a major goal of hemophilia treatment. While studies in adults have demonstrated an impact of prophylaxis on the incidence of joint bleeds and patients' well-being in terms of improved quality of life (QoL), it is unclear whether or not prophylaxis influences the outcome and perception of well- of children with hemophilia. Objective:This randomized controlled study compared the efficacy of prophylaxis with episodic therapy in preventing hemarthroses and image-proven joint damage in children with severe hemophilia A (factor VIII <1%) over a 10-year time period. Methods: Forty-five children with severe hemophilia A, aged 1-7years (median 4), with negative clinical-radiologic joint score at entry and at least one bleed during the previous 6 months, were consecutively randomized to prophylaxis with recombinant factor VIII (25IUkg-1 3x week) or episodic therapy with >=25IUkg-1 every 12-24h until complete clinical bleeding resolution. Safety, feasibility, direct costs and QoL were also evaluated. Results:Twenty-one children were assigned to prophylaxis, 19 to episodic treatment. Children on prophylaxis had fewer hemarthroses than children on episodic therapy: 0.20 vs. 0.52 events per patient per month (P<0.02). Plain-film radiology showed signs of arthropathy in six patients on prophylaxis (29%) vs. 14 on episodic treatment (74%) (P< 0.05). Prophylaxis was more effective when started early (<=36 months), with patients having fewer joint bleeds (0.12 joint bleeds per patient per month) and no radiologic signs of arthropathy. Conclusion:This randomized trial confirms the efficacy of prophylaxis in preventing bleeds and arthropathy in children with hemophilia, particularly when it is initiated early in life. 2011 International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis.
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4.
Defining the role of recombinant activated factor VII in pediatric cardiac surgery: where should we go from here?
Warren OJ, Rogers PL, Watret AL, de Wit KL, Darzi AW, Gill R, Athanasiou T
Pediatric Critical Care Medicine. 2009;10((5):):572-82.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Postoperative hemorrhage is a recognized complication of pediatric cardiac surgery. Both the immature coagulation system and increased susceptibility to hemodilution increase the likelihood of pediatric patients developing coagulopathy when compared with adult counterparts. Treatment options remain limited. Recombinant factor VII (rFVIIa) is a hemostatic agent increasingly used to reduce hemorrhage in other surgical settings, the role of which is unclear in this population. This article systematically reviews the published literature on the use of rFVIIa in pediatric cardiac surgery. DATA SOURCES AND STUDY SELECTION A systematic literature search identified reports of rFVIIa administration in pediatric patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Where possible, individual patient-specific data were extracted and pooled statistical analysis was performed. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS Twenty-nine articles reporting on the administration of rFVIIa to 169 patients were identified. rFVIIa has been administered to patients with predefined congenital abnormalities of hemostasis to arrest hemorrhage refractory to other interventions and prophylactically in the hope of reducing blood loss. Treatment regimens vary widely, in terms of both first and cumulative dose. Data on chest tube blood loss and two markers of coagulation were pooled and analyzed, and significant improvements were demonstrated. Mortality was 4.4% for the entire cohort but 20% of patients on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation suffered significant thromboembolic complications. CONCLUSIONS rFVIIa has an increasingly accepted role in the management of patients with congenital coagulopathies undergoing major surgery. However, randomized trials are required to define the role of rFVIIa as an adjunct to control major hemorrhage in the pediatric cardiac surgical population. Any future work must focus not only on benefits but also on patient safety, particularly, risk of morbid thromboembolic complication.
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5.
Elective administration in infants of low-dose recombinant activated factor VII (rFVIIa) in cardiopulmonary bypass surgery for congenital heart disease does not shorten time to chest closure or reduce blood loss and need for transfusions: a randomized, double-blind, parallel group, placebo-controlled study of rFVIIa and standard haemostatic replacement therapy versus standard haemostatic replacement therapy
Ekert H, Brizard C, Eyers R, Cochrane A, Henning R
Blood Coagulation & Fibrinolysis. 2006;17((5):):389-95.
Abstract
We investigated the effectiveness of prophylactic administration of recombinant activated factor VII (rFVIIa) for cardiopulmonary bypass surgery in children under 1 year old with congenital heart disease (CHD) in a double-blinded, placebo-controlled study. The rFVIIa dose was 40 microg/kg and all patients also received standard haemostatic replacement therapy. The primary endpoint was the time to chest closure from neutralization of heparin with protamine sulphate as this could be most objectively and accurately measured during surgery. Secondary endpoints were volumes of transfused blood, platelet concentrates and fresh-frozen plasma. All adverse events were recorded. In the intention-to-treat analysis there were 76 patients (40 in rFVIIa group and 36 in placebo group). The demographics and severity of CHD were similar in both groups. No benefit of rFVIIa prophylaxis was found in the time to chest closure, which was significantly prolonged in the rFVIIa group (rFVIIa mean +/- SE, 98. 8 +/- 27. 27 versus 55. 3 +/- 29. 15, P = 0. 0263). In the 41 patients available for a follow-up visit 6 weeks after discharge, the chest closure time was also prolonged in the rFVIIa group (P = 0. 0515). There were no significant differences in the secondary endpoints. Adverse events were similar in both groups.
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6.
Control of bleeding in children with Dengue hemorrhagic fever using recombinant activated factor VII: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study
Chuansumrit A, Wangruangsatid S, Lektrakul Y, Chua MN, Zeta Capeding MR, Bech OM, Dengue Study Group
Blood Coagulation & Fibrinolysis. 2005;16((8):):549-55.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We evaluated the efficacy and safety of recombinant activated factor VII (rFVIIa) in children aged < 18 years old with grade II or grade III Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) who required blood component therapy for controlling bleeding episodes. STUDY DESIGN Patients were randomized to the rFVIIa group or placebo group in a ratio of 2:1. rFVIIa or placebo (100 microg/kg body weight) was given by intravenous bolus injection. When bleeding was not effectively controlled, a second dose of rFVIIa or placebo (100 microg/kg) was given 30 min after the first dose. RESULTS Nine and 16 patients received placebo and rFVIIa, respectively. The demographics, bleeding manifestations and grade of DHF were similar for the rFVIIa and placebo groups. Apart from petechiae and ecchymosis, one to four additional bleeding sites were found in each patient, including hematemesis (n = 15), epistaxis (n = 14), gum bleeding (n = 12), melena (n = 7), hypermenorrhea (n = 4), hematochezia (n = 2) and hematuria (n = 2). The mean total dose of rFVIIa (138. 4 +/- 50. 9 microg/kg) and placebo (145. 4 +/- 53. 7 microg/kg) were comparable. The efficacy of bleeding control at 2 h after the first dose was completely ceased (rFVIIa 75. 0% versus placebo 44. 4%), decreased (rFVIIa 18. 7% versus placebo 11. 2%), and unchanged or worsened (rFVIIa 6. 3% versus placebo 44. 4%). Some patients with active bleeding received platelet concentrates 3-12 h after the first dose of rFVIIa or placebo. The subsequent efficacy of bleeding control at 6, 12 and 24 h was comparable between the two groups. The cumulative use of red blood cells (rFVIIa 31. 3% versus placebo 33. 3%) and plasma (rFVIIa 25% versus placebo 22%) during the 24-h period was not significantly different between the two groups. In contrast, platelet concentrate requirement in the rFVIIa group (6. 3%) was lower than the placebo (33. 3%). No clinical evidence of thromboembolic complications or mortality as a result of bleeding was observed. CONCLUSION rFVIIa appears to be a useful adjunctive treatment to blood component transfusion for controlling active bleeding in children with DHF especially when platelet concentrate is not readily available.
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7.
Pharmacokinetics of activated recombinant coagulation factor VII (NovoSeven) in children vs. adults with haemophilia A
Villar A, Aronis S, Morfini M, Santagostino E, Auerswald G, Thomsen HF, Erhardtsen E, Giangrande PL
Haemophilia. 2004;10((4):):352-9.
Abstract
To establish the pharmacokinetic profile of activated recombinant coagulation factor VII (rFVIIa; NovoSeven in children with haemophilia A, and to compare it with the pharmacokinetic profile in adults with haemophilia A. Twelve children (2-12 years) received one single dose of rFVIIa 90 and 180 micrograms kg(-1) in randomized order separated by a washout period of 48 h to 1 month. Six adults (18-55 years) received a single dose of rFVIIa 90 micrograms kg(-1). The pharmacokinetic analyses were based on a non-compartmental method. In children, the plasma level of FVII increased proportionally with the dose. The total body clearance normalized for body weight was significantly faster in children than in adults (FVII:C, 58 vs. 39 mL kg(-1) h(-1) and FVIIa, 78 vs. 53 mL kg(-1) h(-1), P < 0. 05). A trend towards a larger volume of distribution at steady-state in children than in adults was observed (P > 0. 05). Dose proportionality was established for plasma concentrations of FVII in children with haemophilia A at the dose levels investigated (90 and 180 micrograms kg(-1) rFVIIa). Following administration of rFVIIa 90 micrograms kg(-1), significantly faster clearance was observed in children compared with adults, suggesting that higher doses of rFVIIa may be needed to achieve the same plasma levels as in adults.
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8.
Factor XIII prevents development of myocardial edema in children undergoing surgery for congenital heart disease
Wozniak G, Noll T, Akinturk H, Thul J, Muller M
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. 2001;936:617-20.
Abstract
In a prospective investigation of perioperative cardiac edema formation requiring a delayed sternal closure, we identified thrombin increase combined with a simultaneous decrease of factor XIII as a probable cause. After experimental studies additionally revealed that factor XIII could protect endothelial barrier function, we did another prospective randomized trial in which factor XIII or placebo was preoperatively substituted. The substitution finally showed distinct effects minimizing the incidence of myocardial swelling. Therefore, the clinical application of factor XIII may have a valuable therapeutic benefit in cases of leakage syndrome during extracorporeal circulation in congenital heart surgery.
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9.
Superior in vivo response of recombinant factor VIII concentrate in children with hemophilia A
Kelly KM, Butler RB, Farace L, Cohen AR, Manno CS
Journal of Pediatrics. 1997;130((4):):537-40.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Our previous experience with highly purified plasma-derived factor VIII (pdFVIII) concentrates showed that adult dosage recommendations were not applicable to children. In this study, we compared the in vivo response and recovery of recombinant factor VIII (rFVIII) with those of highly purified pdFVIII concentrate in children with hemophilia A. STUDY DESIGN Ten boys with severe factor VIII deficiency and no concurrent bleeding episodes participated in a masked, prospective, crossover study comparing factor VIII coagulant activity after infusion of 50 units of pdFVIII and rFVIII products per kilogram of body weight. RESULTS Mean peak factor VIII response with rFVIII was 1.91% +/- 0.14%, significantly better than the response observed with highly purified pdFVIII of 1.5% +/- 0.15% (p = 0.007). Mean peak factor VIII recovery was 100.5% with rFVIII versus 78.7% with pdFVIII (p = 0.007). Positive correlations between response to rFVIII and body surface area (r = 0.734, p = 0.015), body weight (r = 0.762, p = 0.01), and plasma volume (r = 0.659, p = 0.03) were observed. CONCLUSIONS Infusion of rFVIII produced a significantly better response and recovery in vivo than infusion of highly purified pdFVIII in children. The response in children after infusion of rFVIII was similar to the response previously observed in adults.
