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1.
Clinical evaluation of autologous platelet-rich plasma therapy for intrauterine adhesions: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Tang, R., Xiao, X., He, Y., Qiu, D., Zhang, W., Wang, X.
Frontiers in endocrinology. 2023;14:1183209
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This meta-analysis aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP) administration in reducing adhesion recurrence and improving pregnancy outcomes in patients with intrauterine adhesion (IUA). METHODS We conducted a comprehensive search of Pubmed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Scopus, and China National Knowledge Internet (CNKI) from inception to February 10, 2023, without any language or regional restrictions. We used random-effects models to assess odds ratios (OR) and weight mean differences (WMD) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). RESULTS Our meta-analysis included a total of 730 patients from 10 clinical studies (6 RCTs and 4 non-RCTs). The results showed that PRP administration significantly increased endometrial thickness (WMD = 0.79, 95% CI: 0.40-1.19; P < 0.001; I(2) = 0.0%), menstrual volume (WMD = 2.96, 95% CI = 2.30-3.61; P < 0.001; I(2) = 0.0%), and days of menstruation (WMD = 1.13, 95% CI = 0.86-1.41; P < 0.001; I(2) = 0.0%). Additionally, the clinical pregnancy rate was also improved (OR = 1.82, 95% CI: 1.19-2.78; P = 0.006; I(2) = 0.0%). However, there was insufficient evidence to reach a conclusion regarding the effects of PRP on the recurrence rate of moderate to severe IUA, changes in AFS scores, miscarriage rate, and live birth rate. CONCLUSIONS Our analysis confirms that autologous PRP is an effective treatment for IUA. However, the limited sample size suggests that the results should be interpreted with caution. Therefore, larger and well-designed studies are necessary in the future to confirm these findings and explore the optimal PRP dosing regimens further. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO, identifier CRD42023391115.
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2.
How autologous platelet-rich plasma affects pregnancy and birth outcomes in women with repeated embryo implantation failure: A prisma-compliant meta-analysis
Soliman, A., Elsonbaty, S., Saleh, Y., Hegazy, D., Faragallah, H. M.
Turkish journal of obstetrics and gynecology. 2023;20(2):154-163
Abstract
Repeated implantation failure refer to failure to conceive after three or more embryo transfer attempts. Several interventions were offered to improve maternal and fetal outcomes. Our objective was to investigate the impact of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) as a promising intervention to improve both pregnancy and birth outcomes. We searched PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Central, in addition to other relevant resources of grey literature. Only clinical trials were eligible to be included. We performed the meta-analysis using a random effects model. Eight randomized clinical trials, enrolling 1038 women with more than 3 implantation failure attempts, were included. We found a significant increase regarding all our prespecified primary outcomes. Chemical pregnancy rate [relative ratio (RR): 1.96, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.61, 2.39; p<0.001], clinical pregnancy rate (RR: 4.35, 95% CI: 1.92, 2.88; p<0.001), and live birth rate (RR: 4.03, 95% CI: 1.29, 12.63; p=0.02) were found to be statistically significant and increased in patients who received PRP compared with the control group. Implantation rate (RR: 1.98, 95% CI: 1.34, 2.75; p<0.001), miscarriage rate (RR: 0.44, 95% CI: 0.23, 0.83, p=0.01), and multiple pregnancy rate (RR: 2.56, 95% CI: 1.02, 6.42, p=0.04) were also found to be significantly increased in the PRP group. We provide strong evidence on how intrauterine PRP can improve implantation, pregnancy, and birth outcomes in RIF women, which should direct clinicians to consider this intervention as a very effective tool in assisted reproductive techniques.
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3.
Intrauterine instillation of autologous platelet-rich plasma in infertile females with thin endometrium undergoing intrauterine insemination: an open-label randomized controlled trial
Pandey D, Bajaj B, Kapoor G, Bharti R
AJOG global reports. 2023;3(2):100172
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thin endometrium in infertile female patients has always been a clinical challenge for the treating reproductive physicians. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the effect of intrauterine instillation of autologous platelet-rich plasma on endometrial thickness and vascularity in infertile female patients with thin endometrium undergoing ovarian stimulation with intrauterine insemination. STUDY DESIGN This prospective randomized control study included 120 women undergoing ovarian stimulation with intrauterine insemination, aged between 21 and 37 years, with persistent thin endometrium (<7 mm) on ≥1 cycle in previous ovarian stimulation cycles, even after conventional treatment with estradiol valerate. The women were randomly assigned to study group A and control group B. Baseline endometrial thickness and endometrial vascularity were noted. Intrauterine instillation of autologous platelet-rich plasma was done on the day of trigger in group A, whereas estradiol valerate was given in group B. Another evaluation of endometrial parameters was done on the day of intrauterine insemination. The cycle was repeated for 3 cycles or until the pregnancy was achieved, whichever occurred earlier. Parameters were noted for both groups. Primary outcomes were the change in endometrial thickness and endometrial vascularity. Secondary outcomes were positive pregnancy rate and clinical pregnancy rate. RESULTS In group A, mean pre-platelet-rich plasma endometrial thickness was 4.66±0.79 mm, which significantly increased to 7.47±0.85 mm after platelet-rich plasma instillation (P<.05) after 3 cycles. This increase was significantly greater than that observed in group B. There was significant increase in endometrial vascularity in group A compared with group B (P<.05). The positive pregnancy rate and clinical pregnancy rate in group A were 23.73% and 18.64%, respectively, and significantly higher than those in group B. CONCLUSION Autologous platelet-rich plasma is a promising, easily procurable, and novel option for management of infertile females with thin endometrium not responding to conventional treatment. Using it in intrauterine insemination cycles can reduce costs and psychological burden of this subgroup of women by reducing the need for resorting to advanced options such as in vitro fertilization and surrogacy.
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4.
Hormone Therapy with or without Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) for Treatment Asherman Syndrome; A Randomized Clinical Trial
Naghshineh E, Rouholamin S, Derakhshandeh Z
Advanced biomedical research. 2023;12:17
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asherman syndrome is a controversial issue in obstetrics and gynecology without any consensus on its management and treatment. It is characterized by variable lesions inside the uterine cavity and also causes menstrual irregularities, infertility, and placental abnormalities. The study aimed to assess the platelet-rich plasma (PRP) effect in women with intrauterine adhesions by evaluating the improvement of the menstrual cycle and intrauterine adhesion (IUA) stage. MATERIALS AND METHODS This clinical trial study was performed on 60 women with Asherman syndrome in two groups of 30. For the first group, only hormone therapy was performed and for the second group, hormone therapy with platelet-rich plasma after hysteroscopy. Recovery of Asherman syndrome and IUA stage was assessed at 6 to 8 weeks after hysteroscopy and compared between the two groups. RESULTS Our results demonstrated that there was no significant difference between demographic data in the two groups as well as the menstrual pattern of both groups before or after treatment (P > 0.05). Frequency distribution of IUA after the intervention in the PRP + hormone therapy group in grade I, II, and III were equal to 73.3%, 20%, and 6.7% and in the hormone therapy group were 53.3%, 26.7%, and 20%, respectively (P = 0.22). In addition, hypo menorrhea was observed in 33.3% of PRP + hormone therapy group and 40% of the hormone therapy group with no significant difference between the two groups (P = 0.71). CONCLUSION Hormone therapy with PRP compared to hormone therapy alone after routine surgical treatment had not a significant effect on the IUA stage, duration, and severity of menstruation.
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5.
The value of platelet-rich plasma in women with previous implantation failure: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Maged, A. M., El-Mazny, A., Kamal, N., Mahmoud, S. I., Fouad, M., El-Nassery, N., Kotb, A., Ragab, W. S., Ogila, A. I., Metwally, A. A., et al
Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics. 2023
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the value of intrauterine PRP to improve IVF outcome in women with previous implantation failure. METHODS Screening of Pubmed, Web of Science, and other databases from inception to August 2022 using the keywords related to "platelet-rich plasma" OR "PRP" AND "IVF" "implantation failure." Twenty-nine studies (3308 participants) were included in our analysis, 13 were RCTs, 6 were prospective cohorts, 4 were prospective single arm, and 6 were retrospective analyses. Extracted data included settings of the study, study type, sample size, participants' characteristics, route, volume, timing of PRP administration, and outcome parameters. RESULTS Implantation rate was reported in 6 RCTs (886 participants) and 4 non-RCTs (732 participants). The odds ratio (OR) effect estimate was 2.62 and 2.06, with 95% CI of 1.83, 3.76, and 1.03-4.11, respectively. Endometrial thickness was compared in 4 RCTs (307 participants) and 9 non-RCTs (675 participants), which showed a mean difference of 0.93 and 1.16, with 0.59-1.27 and 0.68-1.65 95% CI, respectively. CONCLUSION PRP administration improves implantation, clinical pregnancy, chemical pregnancy, ongoing pregnancy, live birth rates, and endometrial thickness in women with previous implantation failure.
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Red Blood Cell Transfusion in Patients With Placenta Accreta Spectrum: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Miller SE, Leonard SA, Meza PK, Ku S, Ren LY, Lyell DJ, Sultan P, Butwick A
Obstetrics and gynecology. 2023;141(1):49-58
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate red blood cell use during delivery in patients with placenta accreta spectrum. DATA SOURCES We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Cochrane Central, ClinicalTrials.gov, and Scopus for clinical trials and observational studies published between 2000 and 2021 in countries with developed economies. METHODS OF STUDY SELECTION Abstracts (n=4,275) and full-text studies (n=599) were identified and reviewed by two independent reviewers. Data on transfused red blood cells were included from studies reporting means and SDs, medians with interquartile ranges, or individual patient data. The primary outcome was the weighted mean number of units of red blood cells transfused per patient. Between-study heterogeneity was assessed with an I2 statistic. Secondary analyses included red blood cell usage by placenta accreta subtype. TABULATION, INTEGRATION, AND RESULTS Of the 599 full-text studies identified, 20 met criteria for inclusion in the systematic review, comprising 1,091 cases of placenta accreta spectrum. The number of units of red blood cells transfused was inconsistently described across studies, with five studies (25.0%) reporting means, 11 (55.0%) reporting medians, and four (20.0%) reporting individual patient data. The weighted mean number of units transfused was 5.19 (95% CI 4.12-6.26) per patient. Heterogeneity was high across studies (I2=91%). In a sensitivity analysis of five studies reporting mean data, the mean number of units transfused was 6.61 (95% CI 4.73-8.48; n=220 patients). Further quantification of units transfused by placenta accreta subtype was limited due to methodologic inconsistencies between studies and small cohort sizes. CONCLUSION Based on the upper limit of the CI in our main analysis and the high study heterogeneity, we recommend that a minimum of 6 units of red blood cells be available before delivery for patients with placenta accreta spectrum. These findings may inform future guidelines for predelivery blood ordering and transfusion support. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO, CRD42021240993.
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Effects of Intrauterine Infusion of Autologous Platelet-Rich Plasma in Women Undergoing Treatment with Assisted Reproductive Technology: a Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Hu S, Jin Z, Tang Q
Geburtshilfe und Frauenheilkunde. 2023;83(4):453-462
Abstract
Purpose This meta-analysis was conducted to systematically retrieve relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and evaluate the effects of intrauterine infusion of autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in women with thin endometrium, implantation or pregnancy failure undergoing treatment with assisted reproductive technology (ART). Methods We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of the retrieved RCTs. Studies on the intrauterine infusion of PRP in women undergoing treatment with ART that were published in PubMed, the Cochrane library, Web of Science, and Embase from inception until June 2022 were included. The data were extracted and analyzed independently using the fixed-effects or random-effects model according to heterogeneity. Results Seven RCTs involving 861 patients (435 in the intervention group and 426 in the control group) were included. The rates of clinical pregnancy (risk ratio [RR]: 2.51; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.0-3.13; PÂ <Â 0.00001), chemical pregnancy (RR: 1.96; 95% CI: 1.58-2.45; PÂ <Â 0.00001), live births (RR: 7.03; 95% CI: 3.91-12.6; PÂ <Â 0.00001), and implantation (RR: 3.27; 95% CI: 1.42-7.52; PÂ =Â 0.005) were significantly higher in the women who received PRP infusion than in the control group. No significant differences were noted in the miscarriage rate (RR: 0.98; 95% CI: 0.39-2.42; PÂ =Â 0.96) between the two groups. Conclusion In summary, intrauterine infusion of PRP may be an effective therapy for women with thin endometrium and recurrent implantation failure (RIF) undergoing treatment with ART. More population-based RCTs are warranted to verify the efficacy of our evidence.
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Hemoglobin Change after Red Blood Cell Transfusion for Postpartum Anemia: Secondary Analysis of a Randomized, Controlled Trial
Rush M, Srinivas SK, Hamm RF
American journal of perinatology. 2023
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to describe hemoglobin (Hb) change after transfusion in the nonacute postpartum anemic population in order to provide clinicians with appropriate expectations regarding Hb rise posttransfusion. STUDY DESIGN We performed a secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial comparing initial transfusion with 1 unit of packed red blood cells (pRBCs) to 2 units pRBCs for postpartum women requiring nonacute transfusion (n = 66). Inclusion criteria were: age 18 years and older, Hb level either <7 g/dL or >7 g/dL with signs or symptoms of anemia, and > 6 hours postpartum without contraindication to transfusion. Hb assessment was performed 4 to 6 hours after initial transfusion. Hb change (ΔHb) was calculated as posttransfusion Hb minus randomization Hb. Our primary goal was to describe mean ΔHb per pRBC transfused at the 4- to 6-hour posttransfusion blood count. We also compared ΔHb per pRBC transfused by number of units transfused, body mass index (BMI), and symptoms (dizziness and/or fatigue) at time of posttransfusion assessment. RESULTS Participants were mean age 29, mean BMI of 27, and over 70% self-identified as black, 12% identified as white, and 9% as Asian race. Mean Hb prior to transfusion was 6.9 ± 0.6 g/dL. Mean ΔHb per pRBC transfused was 0.9 ± 0.4g/dL. There was no difference in ΔHb per pRBC by BMI category (normal weight < 25 kg/m(2): 1.1 ± 0.2 g/dL; overweight 25-29.9 kg/m(2): 0.9 ± 0.5 g/dL; obese ≥ 30 kg/m(2): 0.9 ± 0.5 g/dL; p = 0.12). Finally, there was also no significant difference in ΔHb per pRBC by whether or not symptoms of anemia persisted after initial transfusion (1.0 ± 0.7 vs. 0.9 ± 0.4 g/dL, p = 0.39). CONCLUSION Our data supports the classically accepted rise in Hb after pRBC of approximately 1 g/dL, regardless of BMI category or anemia symptomatology. The study population includes patients at highest risk of postpartum anemia. The results of our study provide important information for clinicians caring for postpartum patients with nonacute anemia. KEY POINTS · Postpartum anemia is a significant public health issue.. · Providers use hemoglobin change to assess response to blood transfusion.. · The established 1 g/dL change in Hb after transfusion is based on historic surgical populations.. · Our data suggests the 1 g/dL Hb change is applicable to postpartum patients..
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Hysteroscopic injections of autologous endometrial cells and platelet-rich plasma in patients with thin endometrium: a pilot randomized study
Efendieva, Z., Vishnyakova, P., Apolikhina, I., Artemova, D., Butov, K., Kalinina, E., Fedorova, T., Tregubova, A., Asaturova, A., Fatkhudinov, T., et al
Scientific Reports. 2023;13(1):945
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of hysteroscopically controlled injections of autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and autologous endometrial cells as a treatment for infertile women with thin endometrium. The study enrolled 115 patients with thin endometrium (< 7 mm at implantation window) and infertility, who were divided into groups: Group 1 (the control) underwent conservative therapy; Group 2 received intraendometrial PRP injections instead of the conservative therapy; Group 3 received identical injections after conservative therapy; Group 4 received injections of the autologous endometrial cells suspended in PRP. A single injection dose of PRP contained 0.6-0.7 × 10(11) of platelets. The levels of PDGF-BB and VEGF in PRP were increased compared with ordinary plasma. The autologous endometrial cells, obtained from pipelle biopsies, constituted heterogeneous cell populations containing stromal and epithelial cells. Intraendometrial PRP injections had significant impact on endometrial thickness and local microcirculation in Group 2 and Group 3. In Group 4, injections of PRP reinforced with endometrial cells also facilitated a significant increase in endometrial thickness. This work describes a novel approach for infertility treatment in patients with refractory thin endometrium. PRP injections and injections of the endometrial cells suspended in PRP into endometrium enhanced cell proliferation and angiogenesis.
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Maternal low and high hemoglobin concentrations and associations with adverse maternal and infant health outcomes: an updated global systematic review and meta-analysis
Young MF, Oaks BM, Rogers HP, Tandon S, Martorell R, Dewey KG, Wendt AS
BMC pregnancy and childbirth. 2023;23(1):264
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Editor's Choice
Abstract
BACKGROUND Growing evidence suggests low and high maternal hemoglobin (Hb) concentrations may have adverse consequences for maternal and child health. There remain questions on specific Hb thresholds to define anemia and high Hb as well as how cutoffs may vary by anemia etiology and timing of assessment. METHODS We conducted an updated systematic review (using PubMed and Cochrane Review) on low (< 110 g/L) and high (≥ 130 g/L) maternal Hb concentrations and associations with a range of maternal and infant health outcomes. We examined associations by timing of Hb assessment (preconception; first, second, and third trimesters, as well as at any time point in pregnancy), varying cutoffs used for defining low and high hemoglobin concentrations and performed stratified analyses by iron-deficiency anemia. We conducted meta-analyses to obtain odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS The updated systematic review included 148 studies. Low maternal Hb at any time point in pregnancy was associated with: low birthweight, LBW (OR (95% CI) 1.28 (1.22-1.35)), very low birthweight, VLBW (2.15 (1.47-3.13)), preterm birth, PTB (1.35 (1.29-1.42)), small-for-gestational age, SGA (1.11 (1.02-1.19)), stillbirth 1.43 (1.24-1.65)), perinatal mortality (1.75 (1.28-2.39)), neonatal mortality (1.25 (1.16-1.34), postpartum hemorrhage (1.69 (1.45-1.97)), transfusion (3.68 (2.58-5.26)), pre-eclampsia (1.57 (1.23-2.01)), and prenatal depression (1.44 (1.24-1.68)). For maternal mortality, the OR was higher for Hb < 90 (4.83 (2.17-10.74)) than for Hb < 100 (2.87 (1.08-7.67)). High maternal Hb was associated with: VLBW (1.35 (1.16-1.57)), PTB (1.12 (1.00-1.25)), SGA (1.17 (1.09-1.25)), stillbirth (1.32 (1.09-1.60)), maternal mortality (2.01 (1.12-3.61)), gestational diabetes (1.71 (1.19-2.46)), and pre-eclampsia (1.34 (1.16-1.56)). Stronger associations were noted earlier in pregnancy for low Hb and adverse birth outcomes while the role of timing of high Hb was inconsistent. Lower Hb cutoffs were associated with greater odds of poor outcomes; for high Hb, data were too limited to identify patterns. Information on anemia etiology was limited; relationships did not vary by iron-deficiency anemia. CONCLUSION Both low and high maternal Hb concentrations during pregnancy are strong predictors of adverse maternal and infant health outcomes. Additional research is needed to establish healthy reference ranges and design effective interventions to optimize maternal Hb during pregnancy.
PICO Summary
Population
Women during pregnancy or preconception (148 studies, n= 13,839,327).
Intervention
Updated systematic review on low (< 110 g/L) and high (≥ 130 g/L) maternal haemoglobin (Hb) concentrations and associations with adverse maternal and infant health outcomes.
Comparison
Outcome
Low maternal Hb at any time point in pregnancy was associated with: Low birthweight, very low birthweight (VLBW), preterm birth (PTB), small-for-gestational age (SGA), stillbirth, perinatal mortality, neonatal mortality, postpartum haemorrhage, transfusion, pre-eclampsia, and prenatal depression. For maternal mortality, the OR was higher for Hb < 90 (OR, 4.83; 95% CI [2.17, 10.74]) than for Hb < 100 (OR, 2.87; 95% CI [1.08, 7.67]). High maternal Hb was associated with: VLBW, PTB, SGA, stillbirth, maternal mortality, gestational diabetes, and pre-eclampsia. Stronger associations were noted earlier in pregnancy for low Hb and adverse birth outcomes while the role of timing of high Hb was inconsistent.
