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Impact of perioperative blood transfusions on oncologic outcomes after radical cystectomy: A systematic review and meta-analysis of comparative studies
Uysal D, Egen L, Grilli M, Wessels F, Lenhart M, Michel MS, Kriegmair MC, Kowalewski KF
Surgical oncology. 2021;38:101592
Abstract
This study aimed at systematically analyzing and evaluating the impact of perioperative blood transfusions (PBT) on oncologic outcomes of patients undergoing radical cystectomy for bladder cancer. This systematic review follows the recommendations of the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews and Interventions and was conducted in line with the PRISMA statement and the AMSTAR II criteria. A comprehensive database search was performed based on the PICO criteria. Two independent reviewers performed all screening steps and quality assessment. Risk of bias and certainty in evidence were assessed with the Newcastle Ottawa Scale for non-randomized trials and the GRADE approach. Of 1123 identified studies 20 were eligible for qualitative analysis and 15 for quantitative analysis reporting on 21,915 patients. Receiving a PBT was associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality (hazard ratio (HR) [95% confidence interval (CI)]: 1.29 [1.18, 1.40]; p < 0.001), cancer-specific mortality (HR [CI]: 1.27 [1.15; 1.41]; p < 0.001) and disease recurrence (HR [CI]: 1.22 [1.12; 1.34]; p < 0.001). Subgroup analysis of transfusion timing revealed a significantly increased risk of mortality with intraoperative or combined intra- and postoperative transfusions compared to postoperative transfusion only for all three outcomes (p < 0.001). Leukocyte-depletion was associated with increased all-cause mortality, but not cancer-specific mortality. The administration of PBT negatively impacts oncological outcomes after radical cystectomy. Therefore, careful treatment indication and strict adherence to transfusion guidelines is encouraged in order to avoid adverse effects during the perioperative course.
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2.
Prognostic impact of perioperative blood transfusions on oncological outcomes of patients with bladder cancer undergoing radical cystectomy: A systematic review
Volz Y, Eismann L, Pfitzinger PL, Jokisch JF, Buchner A, Schlenker B, Stief CG, Schulz GB
Arab journal of urology. 2020;19(1):24-30
Abstract
Objective: To conduct a systematic review of whether blood transfusions may be associated with worse outcomes for patients with bladder cancer treated with radical cystectomy (RC), as there has been a recent increase in studies addressing this clinically relevant topic. Methods: PubMed, Ovid Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE), Google Scholar, and the ClinicalTrials.gov databases were searched with pre-specified search terms for studies published between January 2010 and May 2020. The systemic review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Results: A total of 17 studies with 19 627 patients were included after 183 records were screened for eligibility. In all, 10 studies proposed perioperative blood transfusion to be associated with impaired prognosis regarding overall survival, nine studies regarding cancer-specific and four studies regarding recurrence-free survival. The timing of blood transfusion might affect patient outcomes. Notably, several studies did not find a significant correlation between blood transfusions and prognosis. As all studies to date are of retrospective design, the grade of evidence is still limited. Conclusions: Despite the lack of prospective trials, perioperative blood transfusion may lead to worse oncological outcomes. These results, as well as known non-oncological side-effects and associated costs, are important arguments to carefully consider the indication for blood transfusion. Abbreviations BCa: bladder cancer; CSS: cancer-specific survival; HR: hazard ratio; (N)MIBC: (non-) muscle-invasive BCa; OS: overall survival; PBT, perioperative blood transfusion; PRISMA, Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses; RC: radical cystectomy; RFS: recurrence-free survival.
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3.
Impact of perioperative blood transfusions on clinical outcomes in patients undergoing surgery for major urologic malignancies
Abu-Ghanem Y, Ramon J
Therapeutic advances in urology. 2019;11:1756287219868054
Abstract
The association between allogeneic perioperative blood transfusion (PBT) and decreased survival among patients undergoing various oncological surgeries has been established in various malignant diseases, including colorectal, thoracic and hepatocellular cancer. However, when focusing on urologic tumors, the significance of PBT and its adverse effect remains debatable, mainly due to inconsistency between studies. Nevertheless, the rate of PBT remains high and may reach up to 62% in patients undergoing major urologic surgeries. Hence, the relatively high rate of PBT among related operations, along with the increasing prevalence of several urologic tumors, give this topic great significance in clinical practice. Indeed, recent retrospective studies, followed by systematic reviews in both prostate and bladder cancer surgery have supported the association that has been demonstrated in several malignancies, while other major urologic malignancies, including renal cell carcinoma and upper tract urothelial carcinoma, have also been addressed retrospectively. It is only a matter of time before the data will be sufficient for qualitative systematic review/qualitative evidence synthesis. In the current study, we performed a literature review to define the association between PBT and the oncological outcomes in patients who undergo surgery for major urologic malignancies. We believe that the current review of the literature will increase awareness of the importance and relevance of this issue, as well as highlight the need for evidence-based standards for blood transfusion as well as more controlled transfusion thresholds.
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The impact of perioperative blood transfusion on survival and recurrence after radical prostatectomy for prostate cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Pushan Z, Manbiao C, Sulai L, Jun L, Ruidong Z, Hanshen Y
Journal of Cancer Research & Therapeutics. 2018;14((Supplement)):S701-S707.
Abstract
Objective: Conflicting data have been reported regarding the association between perioperative blood transfusion (PBT) and clinical outcomes for prostate cancer patients. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the impact of PBT on cancer survival and recurrence for patients who underwent radical prostatectomy (RP). Methods: A systematic review of PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane libraries was performed to identify all eligible studies that evaluate the association between PBT and clinical outcomes for prostate cancer patients undergoing RP. The analyzed outcomes were overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) at 3, 5, and 10 years. Results: A total of eight articles met our criteria. Meta-analysis indicated that prostate cancer patients with PBT had decreased OS (hazard ratio [HR] =1.51, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.22-1.85, P < 0.01; HR = 1.57, 95% CI, 1.33-1.85, P < 0.01; HR = 1.55, 95% CI, 1.03-2.33, P = 0.04) and RFS (HR = 1.67, 95% CI, 1.37-2.04, P < 0.01; HR = 1.42, 95% CI, 1.23-1.63, P < 0.01; HR = 1.37, 95% CI, 1.03-1.83, P = 0.03) at 3, 5, and 10 years after surgery compared with those without PBT. Conclusions: The findings from the current meta-analysis demonstrate that PBT was associated with adverse survival and recurrence outcomes for prostate cancer patients undergoing RP.
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5.
Association between allogeneic or autologous blood transfusion and survival in patients after radical prostatectomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Li SL, Ye Y, Yuan XH
Plos One. 2017;12((1)):e0171081.
Abstract
BACKGROUND A number of studies have investigated the effect of perioperative blood transfusion (PBT) for patients after radical prostatectomy (RP), with some reporting conflicting results. A systematic review of the literature and a meta-analysis were conducted to explore the association between PBT (autologous or allogeneic) and biochemical recurrence-free survival (BRFS), overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) in patients undergoing RP. METHODS The PubMed, Medline, Cochrane Library, and Embase databases were searched for published controlled clinical studies on perioperative allogeneic or autologous blood transfusion (BT) and patient survival after RP. STATA software version 12.0 was used for data analysis. We used hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) to test the correlation between BT and patient survival after RP. RESULTS Data from a total of 26,698 patients in ten published studies were included in the meta-analysis. The meta-analysis results showed that autologous BT was not associated with BRFS (HR: 1.06; 95% CI: 0.96-1.18; Z = 1.17; P = 0.24), OS (HR: 0.86; 95% CI: 0.71-1.04; Z = 1.58; P = 0.11), or CSS (HR: 0.98; 95% CI: 0.49-1.96; Z = 0.05; P = 0.96). Allogeneic BT exhibited a significant association with worse BRFS (HR: 1.09; 95% CI: 1.01-1.16; Z = 2.37; P = 0.02), OS (HR: 1.43; 95% CI: 1.24-1.64; Z = 4.95; P<0.01) and CSS (HR: 1.74; 95% CI: 1.18-2.56; Z = 2.81; P = 0.005). CONCLUSION Our data showed an association between allogeneic BT and reduced BRFS, OS and CSS in patients after RP. These findings indicate that perioperative blood conservation strategies are important for decreasing the allogeneic BT rate.
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6.
Association between perioperative blood transfusions and clinical outcomes in patients undergoing bladder cancer surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis study
Cata JP, Lasala J, Pratt G, Feng L, Shah JB
Journal of Blood Transfusion. 2016;2016:9876394.
Abstract
Background. Perioperative blood transfusions are associated with poor survival in patients with solid tumors including bladder cancer. Objective. To investigate the impact of perioperative blood transfusions on oncological outcomes after radical cystectomy. Design. Systematic review and meta-analysis. Setting and Participants. Adult patients who underwent radical cystectomy for bladder cancer. Intervention. Packed red blood cells transfusion during or after radical cystectomy for bladder cancer. Outcome Measurements and Statistical Analysis. Recurrence-free survival (RFS), cancer-specific survival (CSS), and overall survival (OS). We calculated the pooled hazard ratio (HR) estimates and 95% confidence intervals by random and fixed effects models. Results and Limitation. Eight, seven, and five studies were included in the OS, CSS, and RFS analysis, respectively. Blood transfusions were associated with 27%, 29%, and 12% reduction in OS, CSS, and RFS, respectively. A sensitivity analysis supported the association. This study has several limitations; however the main problem is that it included only retrospective studies. Conclusions. Perioperative BT may be associated with reduced RFS, CSS, and OS in patients undergoing RC for BC. A randomized controlled study is needed to determine the causality between the administration of blood transfusions and bladder cancer recurrence.
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7.
Perioperative blood transfusion promotes worse outcomes of bladder cancer after radical cystectomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Wang YL, Jiang B, Yin FF, Shi HQ, Xu XD, Zheng SS, Wu S, Hou SC
PLoS ONE [Electronic Resource]. 2015;10((6)):e0130122.
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple studies have investigated the effect of perioperative blood transfusion (PBT) for patients with radical cystectomy (RC), but the results have been inconsistent. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the relationship between PBT and the clinical outcomes of RC patients. METHODS We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Cochrane library and BIOSIS previews to identify relevant literature for studies that focused on the relationship of PBT and outcomes of patients undergoing RC. A fixed or random effects model was used in this meta-analysis to calculate the pooled hazard ratio (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS A total of 7080 patients in 6 studies matched the selection criteria. Aggregation of the data suggested that PBT in patients who underwent RC correlated with increased all-cause mortality, cancer-specific mortality and cancer recurrence. The combined HRs were 1.19 (n = 6 studies, 95% CI: 1.11-1.27, Z = 4.71, P<0.00001), 1.17 (n = 4 studies, 95% CI: 1.06-1.30, Z = 3.06, P = 0.002), 1.14 (n = 3 studies, 95% CI: 1.03-1.27, Z = 2.50, P = 0.01), respectively. The all-cause mortality associated with PBT did not vary by the characteristics of the study, including number of study participants, follow-up period and the median blood transfusion ratio of the study. CONCLUSION Our data showed that PBT significantly increased the risks of all-cause mortality, cancer-specific mortality and cancer recurrence in patients undergoing RC for bladder cancer.
