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1.
Does the use of platelet-rich plasma in sinus augmentation improve the survival of dental implants? A systematic review and meta-analysis
Sivakumar I, Arunachalam S, Mahmoud Buzayan M, Sharan J
Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research. 2023;13(1):57-66
Abstract
BACKGROUND Platelet-rich plasma is considered an effective modality to promote bone regeneration, improve hard and soft tissue healing in surgical procedures including sinus augmentation. However, the survival of dental implants in sinus augmented sites with platelet-rich plasma has shown equivocal results in recent studies. PURPOSE In this systematic review, data on dental implants' survival in sinus augmentation sites with platelet-rich plasma were examined. MATERIALS AND METHODS Randomized controlled trials on the topic with a minimum mean follow-up of 6 months with no language restriction were considered. Other study designs on the topic were excluded. Accordingly, relevant articles were searched in Clinicaltrials.gov, Cochrane databases, PubMed/Medline, and Scopus up to April 2021. Using the Cochrane risk of bias assessment tool, the listed studies' risk of bias was evaluated. From the included studies, the pertinent information was taken and pooled for qualitative and quantitative analysis using R software 4.1.1. RESULTS Six randomized controlled trials involving 188 patients who underwent sinus augmentation with and without platelet-rich plasma, and 781 implants were included for qualitative and quantitative analysis. Four hundred and eleven implants were placed in the intervention group (with platelet-rich plasma) and 370 implants were placed in the control group (without platelet-rich plasma). The pooled estimate (OR 0.84, 95% CI 0.37 to 1.91; I(2) = 0%) indicated that there was no statistically significant difference observed between the groups. The test for subgroup differences showed no statistically significant differences between the subgroups (p = 0.45) with no heterogeneity (I(2) = 0%). CONCLUSION The bias associated with selective reporting of outcome data was considered as some concern for bias. This systematic review revealed that the effect of platelet-rich plasma is uncertain on the survival of dental implants.
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2.
The use of tranexamic acid reduces blood loss in osteotomy at knee level: a systematic review
Bierke S, Häner M, Bentzin M, Park HU, Petersen W
Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy : official journal of the ESSKA. 2022
Abstract
PURPOSE Aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the literature regarding the effect of tranexamic acid (TXA) on the outcome after knee osteotomy. METHODS A systematic literature search was carried out in various databases on studies on the use of tranexamic acid in osteotomies around the knee. Primary outcome criterion was the hemoglobin (drop). Secondary outcome criteria were total blood loss, drainage volume, adverse effects such as thromboembolic events, blood transfusions, wound complications and clinical scores. A meta-analysis was performed for quantitative measures. The present study was registered prospectively ( www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO ; no.: CRD42021229624). RESULTS Seven studies with 584 patients (TXA group: 282 patients, non TXA group: 302 patients) Hemoglobin decrease (1.54 g/dl vs. 2.28 g/dl), blood loss (394.49 ml vs. 595.54 ml) and drainage volume (266.5 ml vs. 359.05 ml) were significantly less in the TXA group compared to the non TXA group. No thromboembolic event was noted in any study. In the non TXA group four blood transfusions were given. Eleven wound complications occurred in the non TXA group in comparison to two wound complications in the TXA group. CONCLUSIONS The results of the present study show that the application of TXA reduces hemoglobin drop, blood loss and drainage volume. These effects could be responsible for the lesser rate of side effects after administration of TXA during knee osteotomy.
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3.
Prophylactic tranexamic acid during myomectomy: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Baradwan S, Hafidh B, Latifah HM, Gari A, Sabban H, Abduljabbar HH, Tawfiq A, Hakeem GF, Alkaff A, AlSghan R, et al
European journal of obstetrics, gynecology, and reproductive biology. 2022;276:82-91
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials on the clinical efficacy and safety of prophylactic tranexamic acid (TXA) versus control (normal saline/no treatment) during myomectomy. METHODS Six databases were screened from inception until 21-February-2022. The eligible studies were assessed for risk of bias. The outcomes were summarized as mean difference (MD) and risk ratio (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) in a random-effects model. RESULTS Seven studies, comprising eight arms and 571 patients (TXA = 304 patients, control = 267 patients) were analyzed. The included studies had an overall low risk of bias. The mean intraoperative blood loss (MD = -224.34 ml, 95% CI [-303.06, -145.61], p < 0.001), mean postoperative blood loss, and mean total blood loss were significantly reduced in favor of the prophylactic TXA group. Additionally, the mean postoperative hemoglobin (MD = 0.4 mg/dl, 95% CI [0.11, 0.68], p = 0.006) and mean postoperative hematocrit levels were significantly higher in favor of the prophylactic TXA group. While the mean hospital stay was significantly reduced in favor of the prophylactic TXA group (MD = -0.39 d, 95% [-0.74, -0.04], p = 0.03), there was no significant difference between both groups regarding the mean operation time and rate of blood transfusion. None of the participants in both groups developed any incidence of thromboembolic events. The rate of nausea was significantly higher in disfavor of the prophylactic TXA group (RR = 2.68, 95% CI [1.11, 6.43], p = 0.03). CONCLUSION Among patients undergoing myomectomy, prophylactic TXA was largely safe and linked to substantial reductions in perioperative blood loss and related morbidities.
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4.
Time to Total Knee Arthroplasty after Intra-Articular Hyaluronic Acid or Platelet-Rich Plasma Injections: A Systematic Literature Review and Meta-Analysis
Berkani S, Courties A, Eymard F, Latourte A, Richette P, Berenbaum F, Sellam J, Louati K
Journal of clinical medicine. 2022;11(14)
Abstract
Intra-articular (IA) hyaluronic acid (HA) and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injections are increasingly being prescribed for knee osteoarthritis (KOA). However, failure of the medical treatment may result in total knee arthroplasty (TKA). We wondered if IA HA or PRP injections (intervention) may delay the time to TKA (outcome) among KOA patients (population), compared to KOA patients not receiving these injections (comparator). For this systematic literature review (SLR) and meta-analysis, we selected observational studies with at least one group of patients receiving IA HA or PRP and with TKA data available. The main outcome was time from the diagnosis of KOA to TKA. We included 25 articles in the SLR (2,824,401 patients) and four in the meta-analysis. The mean strengthening the reporting of observational studies in epidemiology (STROBE) score was 63%. For patients receiving versus not receiving HA injections, the delay between a declared diagnosis of KOA to TKA was increased by 9.8 months (95% CI (8.2-11.4)). As compared with standard of care, the effect size of HA injections for this outcome was 0.57 (95% CI (0.36-0.76)). Only one study described a median time from PRP injections to TKA of 4.1 years (range 0.3-14.7). IA HA injections were associated with increased time to TKA. Causality cannot be concluded because of missing confounder factors as comorbidities. Data were insufficient to conclude any effect of PRP injections on TKA delay.
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5.
Do the New Protocols of Platelet-Rich Fibrin Centrifugation Allow Better Control of Postoperative Complications and Healing After Surgery of Impacted Lower Third Molar? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Ramos EU, Bizelli VF, Pereira Baggio AM, Ferriolli SC, Silva Prado GA, Farnezi Bassi AP
Journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery : official journal of the American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons. 2022
Abstract
PURPOSE Platelet concentrate generation protocols have undergone several modifications in recent years; in light of this new development, this study review aims to evaluate the effects of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) and the new centrifugation protocols, advanced platelet-rich fibrin (A-PRF), and leukocyte platelet-rich fibrin (L-PRF), after extraction of impacted mandibular third molar. Specifically, we assessed pain control, edema, trismus, and soft tissue healing, and also measured the degree of periodontal regeneration adjacent to the second molar. METHODS PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, Virtual health library (BVS), and Cochrane Library were searched up to Julye 202; randomized controlled studies were included. This report followed the PRISMA statement and PICO questions. This review has been registered at PROSPERO under the number CRD42019136701. The risk of bias screening and data extraction was performed according to the guidelines recommended by Cochrane. The quantitative analysis was performed using RevMan version 5.4. RESULTS Of 17 studies included in the systematic review, 11 were eligible for the meta-analysis. The use of L-PRF was not associated with better soft tissue healing at day 7. (SMD = -0.70; 95% confidence interval, -3.50 to 2.10; Z = 0.49; P = .62; Pheterogeneity = 0.00001; I(2) = 97%). With L-PRF, qualitative analysis revealed better pocket depth and insertion level, and also better pain control at 1 and 3 days. With A-PRF, a lower consumption of analgesics was observed than with L-PRF. With both A-PRF and L-PRF, better control of edema (but not trismus) was observed. CONCLUSIONS The use of L-PRF and A-PRF allows better control of pain and edema compared with the use of standard PRF protocols, but neither has an effect on trismus. The PRF and L-PRF protocols improve soft tissue healing, although not to a statistically significant degree; however, they could improve probing depth at the third month after third molar surgery.
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6.
Intracranial Hemorrhage following Spinal Surgery: A Systematic Review of a Rare Complication
Al-Saadi T, Al-Kindi Y, Allawati M, Al-Saadi H
Surgery journal (New York, N.Y.). 2022;8(1):e98-e107
Abstract
Introduction Intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) is a potentially severe complication of spinal surgeries. The occurrence of such complications causes deterioration of the patient's clinical status and delayed discharge from the hospital. Although no specific etiological factors were identified for this complication, but multiple risk factors might play role in its development, they include the use of anticoagulants, presence of uncontrolled hypertension, and perioperative patient positioning. Aim A systematic review of the literature to investigate the prevalence of different types of intracranial hemorrhages in patients who underwent spinal surgeries. Methods A literature review was conducted using multiple research databases. Data were extracted using multiple variables that were formulated incongruent with the study aim and then further analyzed. Results A total of 79 studies were included in our analysis after applying the exclusion criteria and removing of repeated studies, 109 patients were identified where they were diagnosed with intracranial hemorrhage after spine surgery with a mean age of 54 years. The most common type of hemorrhage was cerebellar hemorrhage (56.0%) followed by SDH and intraparenchymal hemorrhage; 23.9 and 17.4%, respectively. The most common spine surgery was laminectomy (70.6%), followed by fixation and fusion (50.5%), excision of spinal lesions was done in 20.2% of the patient, and discectomy (14.7%). Conclusion The data in this study showed that out of 112 patients with ICH, cerebellar hemorrhage was the most common type. ICH post-spine surgery is a rare complication and the real etiologies behind this complication are still unknown, cerebrospinal fluid drain and durotomy were suggested.
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7.
Efficacy and Safety Profile of Tranexamic Acid in Traumatic Thoracolumbar Fracture Management: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Vasu ST, Raheja L, Parmar K, Ramachandran S
International journal of spine surgery. 2022
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In this article, the authors systematically evaluated the efficacy and safety of tranexamic acid (TXA) in surgeries for spinal trauma. METHODS Potentially relevant academic articles were identified from the Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, PubMed, and Google Scholar. Secondary sources were identified from the references of the included literature. RevMan software was used to analyze the pooled data. RESULTS A total of 7 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and 2 non-RCTs were included in the review. There were significant differences in total blood loss (standard mean difference [SMD] = -2.54 [95% CI, -3.72, -1.37], P = 0.0001), intraoperative blood loss (SMD = -0.96 [95% CI, -1.28, -0.64], P < 0.00001), postoperative blood loss (SMD = -1.42 [95% CI, -1.72, -1.11], P < 0.00001), and length of hospital stay (SMD = -3.73 [95% CI, -4.41, -3.06], P = 0.00001). No significant differences were found regarding transfusion requirement, operative duration, deep vein thrombosis, and pulmonary embolism between the 2 groups. CONCLUSIONS The present meta-analysis indicates that the use of TXA in spinal surgery decreases blood loss and duration of hospital stay while not increasing the risk of side effects such as deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The study aims to provide clinicians who operate on spine trauma with information on the use of tranexamic acid to decrease blood loss and related complications.
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8.
Intraoperative Cell Salvage for Women at High Risk of Postpartum Hemorrhage During Cesarean Section: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Obore N, Liuxiao Z, Haomin Y, Yuchen T, Wang L, Hong Y
Reproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.). 2022
Abstract
Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) can lead to substantial blood loss that compromises maternal hemodynamic stability and consequently cause severe maternal complications such as organ dysfunction or death. Intraoperative cell salvage (IOCS), an effective method of blood conservation used in other surgical specialties, can be an alternative intervention for managing PPH. Thus, our aim was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of IOCS for women at high risk of PPH undergoing cesarean sections. We conducted a systematic search of electronic databases from inception to February 25, 2021 for randomized controlled studies and observational studies published in English or Mandarin about IOCS use in cesarean sections. Primary outcomes of interest were changes in postoperative hematologic parameters and any adverse events reported among patients that had IOCS and controls that had an allogeneic blood transfusion. The certainty of the evidence of the outcomes was evaluated using the GRADE approach. A total of 24 studies with 5872 patients were included in the meta-analysis. Eleven randomized controlled trials (RCTs), and 13 observational studies were analyzed. Postoperative hemoglobin levels were higher among patients with IOCS SMD 0.39 (95% CI; 0.20, 0.60; P < 0.001, high certainty). Allogeneic blood transfusion increased adverse events RR = 1.81(95% CI; 1.24, 2.62; P = 0.002, low certainty). IOCS shortened hospital stay SMD - 0.59 (95% CI: - 0.98, - 0.19; P = 0.004, low certainty) and shortened prothrombin time SMD - 0.67 (95% CI; - 1.31, - 0.04), P = 0.037, low certainty). The lower incidence of transfusion-related adverse events and shorter hospital stay among other findings demonstrate that IOCS use in obstetrics is an effective and safe alternative for the management of PPH; however, high-quality randomized control studies are required to confirm this evidence.
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9.
The Effect of Intravenous Tranexamic Acid on Myomectomy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Kathopoulis N, Prodromidou A, Zacharakis D, Chatzipapas I, Diakosavvas M, Kypriotis K, Grigoriadis T, Protopapas A
Journal of personalized medicine. 2022;12(9)
Abstract
Myomectomy is the preferred surgical treatment for symptomatic women with uterine myomas who wish to preserve their fertility. The procedure may be associated with significant intraoperative blood loss, which predisposes to increased transfusion rates and morbidity. The objective of our systematic review and meta-analysis is to investigate whether intravenous (IV) use of tranexamic acid (TXA) may reduce blood loss during myomectomy. Three electronic databases were screened until June 2022. The eligible studies were assessed for risk of bias. Four randomized controlled trials that reported outcomes from a total of 310 women were finally included in the meta-analysis-155 patients received intravenous TXA while the remaining 155 received placebo injection with normal saline or water for injection. Total estimated blood loss was significantly lower in patients who received TXA before myomectomy compared to control (230 patients MD -227.09 mL 95% CI -426.26, -27.91, p = 0.03). This difference in favor of TXA group remained when intraoperative and postoperative blood loss was separately analyzed. Postoperative hematocrit values and hemoglobin levels did not differ among the two groups (180 patients MD 0.67% 95% CI -0.26, 1.59, p = 0.16 and 250 patients MD 0.17 mg/dL 95% CI 0.07, 0.41, p = 0.17, respectively). The number of patients that received blood transfusion was also not different (310 patients OR 0.46 95% CI -0.14, 1.49, p = 0.19). Total operative time was significantly prolonged in control group compared to TXA (310 patients MD -16.39 min 95% CI -31.44, -1.34 p = 0.03). Our data show that the IV use of TXA may significantly reduce intraoperative blood loss in patients undergoing myomectomy and contribute to reduced operative time.
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10.
The Role of the Endoscopic Doppler Probe in Non-Variceal Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Chapelle N, Martel M, Bardou M, Almadi M, Barkun AN
Digestive endoscopy : official journal of the Japan Gastroenterological Endoscopy Society. 2022
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The effectiveness of the Doppler Endoscopic Probe (DEP) remains unclear in non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding (NVUGIB). We thus performed a systematic review characterizing the effectiveness of DEP in patients with NVUGIB addressing this question. METHODS A literature search was done until July 2021 using MEDLINE, EMBASE, and ISI Web of Science. A series of meta-analyses were performed assessing outcomes amongst observational and interventional studies for DEP signal positive and negative lesions as well as DEP-assisted versus standard endoscopies. The primary outcome was "overall rebleeding"; secondary outcomes included all-cause mortality, bleeding-related mortality, need for surgery, length of stay, ICU stay and angiography. RESULTS Fourteen studies were included from 1911 citations identified: Observational studies compared bleeding lesions with DEP positive versus DEP negative signals (11 studies n=800 pre-hemostasis, and n=148 with post-hemostasis data from 5 studies). Three interventional studies (n=308) compared DEP-assisted to standard endoscopy management. DEP signal positive versus negative lesions both prior to or following any possible hemostasis were at greater risk of overall rebleeding (OR=6.54 (2.36; 18.11, and OR=25.96; (6.74; 100.0), respectively). The use of DEP during upper endoscopy significantly reduced overall rebleeding rates (OR=0.27 (0.14; 0.54). When removing outcomes analysis for which only one study was available, all evaluable outcomes were improved with DEP characterization of management guidance except for all-cause mortality. DISCUSSION Although low certainty evidence, DEP-related information improves on sole visual prediction of rebleeding in NVUGIB, with DEP-guided management yielding decreased overall rebleeding, bleeding-related mortality and need for surgery.
