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1.
Comparative Evaluation of Recession Coverage Obtained Using the Pinhole Surgical Technique With and Without Platelet-Rich Fibrin: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Sundaresan Iii, P., Paramashivaiah, R., Prabhuji, M. L. V.
The International journal of periodontics & restorative dentistry. 2023;43(4):e181-e188
Abstract
This randomized controlled clinical trial evaluated the pinhole surgical technique (PST) combined with platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) for the management of multiple recession defects compared to PST alone. Ten patients with 51 Miller Class I/ II or III gingival recessions were selected. Control sites were treated with PST alone, whereas test sites were treated with PST with PRF. Gingival recession depth (GRD), gingival recession width (GRW), probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), keratinized tissue width (KTW), total soft tissue gain (TSTG), Plaque Index (PI), Gingival Index (GI), and gingival bleeding index (GBI) were measured at baseline and at 1, 3, and 6 months posttreatment. Both groups showed statistically significant root coverage. The mean recession coverage was 60.25% in the test group and 49.6% in the control group. The recession reduction from baseline was 2.50 mm for the test group and 1.88 mm for the control group. At the end of 6 months, all sites achieved adequate root coverage. PRF is a feasible alternative to connective tissue grafts as an adjunct to PST for the treatment of multiple recession defects.
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2.
The effectiveness of using platelet-rich concentrate with iliac bone graft in the repair of alveolar cleft: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Li T, Wang YY, Liu C
International journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery. 2023
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to review the existing evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the effect of autogenous bone grafts combined with a platelet-rich concentrate on alveolar clefts. An electronic search was conducted in the PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Embase, and ClinicalTrials.gov databases for studies published between January 2000 and April 2022. This study included six RCTs to evaluate bone quantity (bone formation ratio, %) and quality (bone density in Hounsfield units, HU), as well as complications as a way to assess the safety of the technique. Two independent reviewers assessed the risk of bias. There was no statistically significant difference in bone formation ratio at 6 months of follow-up between the use of autologous bone alone for alveolar bone grafting or adding platelet-rich plasma (PRP) (mean difference (MD) 14.33%, 95% confidence interval (CI) - 7.19% to 35.85%; P = 0.196) or platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) (MD 9.38%, 95% CI -2.36% to 21.12%; P = 0.123) to autologous bone. The MD for the change in bone density at 6 months was in favour of PRP added to autologous bone graft (MD 155.69 HU, 95% CI 99.29-212.09 HU; P < 0.001); however, this result was based on only two studies, one of which had a high risk of bias. Patients who received autologous bone graft with PRP were significantly less likely to experience complications (odds ratio (OR) 0.21, 95% CI 0.05-0.92; P = 0.038), but this was no longer statistically significant after a sensitivity test (OR 0.24, 95% CI 0.04-1.56; P = 0.138). In conclusion, this systematic review and meta-analysis appears to show no benefit to using a platelet-rich concentrate combined with autologous bone for alveolar cleft grafting in terms of bone volume, bone density, or complications.
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3.
Autologous Concentrated Growth Factor Increases Skin Thickness and Area during Tissue Expansion: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Tan, P. C., Zhang, P. Q., Zhou, S. B., He, J., Qian, J., Huang, R. L., Zhang, Z. Y., Cheng, C., Li, Q., Xie, Y.
Plastic and reconstructive surgery. 2023;152(2):281e-292e
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mechanical stretching of the skin (ie, tissue expansion) could generate additional skin, but it is limited by the intrinsic growth capacity. The authors conducted a study of autologous concentrated growth factor (CGF) to promote skin regeneration by increasing skin thickness and area during tissue expansion. METHODS A single-center randomized controlled trial was conducted from 2016 to 2019. Participants undergoing skin expansion received either CGF or saline by means of intradermal injection on the expanded skin (0.02 mL/cm 2 ), for a total of three treatments at 4-week intervals. The primary endpoint was the expanded skin thickness at 12 weeks, which was measured by ultrasound. The secondary endpoints included skin thickness at 4 and 8 weeks and surface area, expansion index, and skin texture score of the expanded skin at 12 weeks. Safety assessments, for infection symptoms and nodule formation, were assessed at 24 weeks. RESULTS In total, 26 patients were enrolled and assigned to the CGF or control group. Compared with the control group, the CGF group had significantly increased skin thickness at 8 (control, 1.1 ± 0.1 mm; CGF, 1.4 ± 0.1 mm; -0.6 to 0.0 mm; P = 0.047) and 12 weeks (control, 1.0 ± 0.1 mm; CGF, 1.3 ± 0.1 mm; -0.6 to 0.0 mm; P = 0.047). Compared with the baseline thickness (control, 1.6 ± 0.1 mm; CGF, 1.5 ± 0.1 mm; -0.3 to 0.5 mm; P = 0.987), skin thickness was sustained in the CGF group at 8 weeks after treatment (-0.1 to 0.3 mm; P = 0.711) but decreased in the control group (0.3 to 0.7 mm; P < 0.001). At 12 weeks, the CGF group showed greater increases in surface area (control, 77.7 ± 18.5 cm 2 ; CGF, 135.0 ± 15.7 cm 2 ; 7.2 cm 2 to 107.4 cm 2 ; P = 0.027) and expansion index (control, 0.9 ± 0.1; CGF, 1.4 ± 0.2; 0.0 to 0.8; P = 0.030) than the control group. In addition, CGF-treated skin showed an improvement in texture [CGF: grade 3, n = 2 (15.8%), grade 2, n = 4 (30.7%); control: grade 3, n = 0 (0.0%), grade 2, n = 3 (23.0%)]. No severe adverse events occurred. CONCLUSION CGF treatment increases skin thickness and area during tissue expansion, and represents a safe and effective strategy for managing skin expansion. CLINICAL RELEVANCE STATEMENT The findings of this study indicate that it is practically feasible to improve skin regeneration by applying autologous platelet concentrate therapy for skin expansion management. CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Therapeutic, II.
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4.
Comparative Investigation of Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Platelet-Rich Fibrin after Mandibular Wisdom Tooth Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Study
Tanan Karaca, G., Duygu, G., Er, N., Ozgun, E.
Journal of clinical medicine. 2023;12(13)
Abstract
This study evaluated the anti-inflammatory effect of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) applied to the extraction socket after impacted mandibular third molar surgery with subjective and objective parameters. Forty-eight patients with impacted wisdom teeth in bilateral and similar positions were included in the study. The control group was formed with the standard surgery and the PRF group was formed with local PRF application in addition to standard procedure (n = 96). The anti-inflammatory activity of PRF on postoperative 2nd and 7th days was evaluated subjectively by clinical parameters and objectively by biochemical parameters. Postoperative 2nd- and 7th-day follow-up data of pain, edema, and trismus in the PRF group were found to be statistically significantly lower. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP) were found to be statistically significantly lower in the PRF group than the control in the postoperative 2nd-day follow-up period (p < 0.001). There was no statistically significant difference in interleukin 6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) parameters when the PRF group and the control group were compared in both follow-up periods (p > 0.05). The study has demonstrated the effectiveness of locally applied PRF after ITM surgery via clinical parameters and objective data. The quantitative analysis of CRP and ERS can be an effective parameter in determining the amount of inflammation after ITM surgery.
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5.
Comparative Evaluation of Vestibular Incision Subperiosteal Tunnel Access (VISTA) Technique With and Without Advanced Platelet Rich Fibrin for Treatment of Maxillary Anterior Gingival Recessions
Tejaswi, N., Kankara, V. R., Pathakota, K. R., Krishnan, P., Basireddy, A., Sheethi, K. V.
The International journal of periodontics & restorative dentistry. 2023
Abstract
Gingival recession is an apical shift of the gingival margin with exposure of the root surface to the oral cavity which creates an aesthetic problem. The present study was attempted to compare Vestibular incision subperiosteal tunnel access (VISTA) with and without Advanced platelet rich fibrin(A-PRF) in the treatment of Miller's class I gingival recessions. 24 patients were assigned randomly either to test (VISTA with A-PRF) or control (VISTA alone) group. Clinical parameters like recession depth (RD), recession width (RW), clinical attachment loss (CAL), width of keratinized gingiva (WKG), gingival thickness (GT) and probing depth (PD) were recorded at baseline,3 and 6 months post operatively. Inter group comparison of mean RC in mm, %RC, ΔWKG and CAG revealed no statistically significant difference (p>0.05). Change in GT showed statistically significant improvement in test group. Within the limitations of this study, both treatment options (VISTA with A-PRF and VISTA alone) have resulted in predictable and comparable root coverage with increased gingival thickness in the test group.
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6.
Effect of an intraoperative periradicular application of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) on residual post-surgical neuropathic pain after disc herniation surgery: study protocol for NeuroPRF, a randomized controlled trial
Todeschi, J., Dannhoff, G., Coca, A. H., Timbolschi, D. I., Proust, F., Lefebvre, F., Lelievre, V., Poisbeau, P., Vallat, L., Salvat, E., et al
Trials. 2023;24(1):418
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of post-surgical lumbar neuropathic radiculopathy is approximately 30%. Poor response to the recommended treatments for neuropathic pain, namely antidepressants and/or gabapentinoids, requires the development of new techniques to prevent chronic pain. One such well-tolerated technique is the administration of autologous plasma enriched in platelets and fibrin (PRF). This approach is largely used in regenerative medicine owing to the anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties of PRF. It could also be an interesting adjuvant to surgery, as it reduces neurogenic inflammation and promotes nerve recovery, thereby reducing the incidence of residual postoperative chronic pain. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the benefit of periradicular intraoperative application of PRF on the residual postsurgical neuropathic pain after disc herniation surgery. METHODS A randomized, prospective, interventional, controlled, single-blind study with evaluation by a blind outcome assessor will be performed in Strasbourg University Hospital. We will compare a control group undergoing conventional surgery to an experimental group undergoing surgery and periradicular administration of PRF (30 patients in each arm). The primary outcome is the intensity of postoperative neuropathic radicular pain, measured by a visual analog scale (VAS) at 6 months post-surgery. The secondary outcomes are the characteristics of neuropathic pain (NPSI), the quality of life (SF-12 and PGIC), the presence of anxiety/depression symptoms (HAD), and the consumption of analgesics. We will also carry out transcriptomic analysis of a panel of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in blood samples, before surgery and at 6 months follow-up. These gene expression results will be correlated with clinical data, in particular, with the apparition of postoperative neuropathic pain. DISCUSSION This study is the first randomized controlled trial to assess the efficacy of PRF in the prevention of neuropathic pain following surgery for herniated disc. This study addresses not only a clinical question but will also provide information on the physiopathological mechanisms of neuropathic pain. TRIAL REGISTRATION This study is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT05196503 , February 24, 2022.
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7.
Evaluation of platelet rich fibrin in the treatment of decorticated intrabony defects: a randomized clinical trial
Ugale, G. M., Male, R. B., Bhandari, V. D., Baghele, O. N., Metri, R., Ugale, M. S.
Quintessence international (Berlin, Germany : 1985). 2023;0(0):0
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of the present study was to evaluate the clinical and radiographic outcomes of intrabony defects treated with decortication (intramarrow penetration) alone versus decortication combined with platelet rich fibrin in periodontitis patients followed up for 6-months post-surgery. METHOD AND MATERIALS A total of 46 intrabony defects (IBD) from periodontitis patients with mean age of 36.30±6.10 years were randomly assigned into two treatment groups. The Control Group (n=23) intrabony sites were accessed with simplified papilla preservation flap (SPPF) followed with debridement, decortication and closure. Whereas, the Test Group (n=23) sites were accessed with SPPF, followed with debridement, decortication and platelet rich fibrin (PRF) placement and closure. Clinical parameters plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), probing pocket depth (PPD), Relative attachment level (RAL), gingival marginal level (GML), along with radiographic defect depth (rDD) and defect width (rDW) were recorded at baseline, 3-months, and 6-months post-surgery. Gain in clinical attachment level (CAL) was the primary and PPD reduction and radiographic bone fill were secondary outcomes of the study. RESULTS The PI and GI scores showed non-significant difference on intra- and inter-group comparison at baseline, 3-months, and 6-months. The PPD was 8.17 ±1.56, 6.65±1.30, and 5.26±1.18 mm for control group; whereas 8.17 ±2.01, 6.26 ±1.42, and 4.78±1.28 mm for test group, respectively at baseline, 3-months, and 6-months. The RAL was 8.83±1.40, 6.78±1.31, and 5.39 ±1.16 mm, whereas 8.39±1.62, 6.96±1.36 & 5.48 ± 1.20 mm for the control and test groups respectively at baseline, 3-months, and 6-months. Statistically significant reduction was observed for PPD for control (2.91mm, p<0.001) and test group (3.39 mm, p<0.001); and RAL for control (3.44mm, p<0.001) and test group (2.91mm, p<0.001), respectively. However, intergroup differences were nonsignificant for PPD and RAL. The rDD was reduced by 0.31mm for control and 1.57mm for test group; while the rDW was reduced by 0.18mm for control and 0.83mm for test group. Intergroup statistically significant differences were observed at 6-months follow-up (p<0.001) for rDD and rDW. CONCLUSION Within the limitations of the present study, the results demonstrate statistically significant intragroup improvements in clinical outcomes with decortication alone and decortication combined with platelet rich fibrin in treatment of intrabony defects in periodontitis patients. Addition of PRF didn't improve the clinical results beyond decortication alone, and unacceptable post-surgery residual pockets were observed in both the protocols. Considering the small sample size, addition of PRF resulted in significant bone fill over and above that of decortication alone.
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8.
Randomized control trial to study the efficacy and safety of platelet-rich plasma as intraoperative holding solution in hair restoration surgery: A pilot study
Pathania V, Sood A, Beniwal N, Baveja S, Shankar P, Patrikar S
Medical journal, Armed Forces India. 2023;79(1):46-53
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hair restoration surgery is a definitive surgical procedure undertaken for androgenetic alopecia (AGA). Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) therapy has gained importance in recent times as a valuable adjunct to therapy in hair restoration. However, the various beneficial effects of PRP as intraoperative holding solution hair restoration surgery remain to be objectively defined. METHODS Twenty cases of AGA were allocated into two groups (PRP and non-PRP). The follicular grafts harvested were stored in platelet-rich plasma/chilled ringers lactate solution depending on subject/control and were implanted in receding hairline using hair implanters. Patients were reviewed at the end of 2 weeks, 4 weeks, 8 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months using clinical and folliculoscopic images. The analysis was performed using SPSS version 20.0. RESULTS Follicular growth as assessed using the percentage of grafts in actively growing phase posttransplant showed faster recovery from 'shock effluvium' in the PRP group when compared with the non-PRP group from Week 4, through Week 8 and 3 months with the 'lead' increases of percentage growth difference being statistically significant(P = 0.02) between the two groups. At the end of 6 months, 100% of patients recorded a hair shaft length of >10 mm in the PRP group, whereas only 20% achieved >10 mm length. The difference in hair densities between PRP and the non-PRP group from 4 weeks up to 6 months in the non PRP group remained significant (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Intraoperative PRP as a holding solution improves outcome in hair restoration surgery by a significant improvement in the mean density of the implanted follicular unit grafts at 6 months.
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9.
Comparative histological evaluation of two PRF formulations (PRF High and PRF Medium) on quality of life and healing outcome of apicomarginal defects: A randomized clinical trial
Thakur V, Mittal S, Tewari S, Kamboj M, Duhan J, Sangwan P, Kumar V, Gupta A
Journal of cranio-maxillo-facial surgery : official publication of the European Association for Cranio-Maxillo-Facial Surgery. 2023
Abstract
The objective of this randomized clinical trial was to investigate the effects of two PRF formulations (PRF High and PRF Medium) on quality of life and healing outcome (2D and 3D) of apicomarginal defects. Patients presenting with endodontic lesions and concomitant periodontal communication were randomly allocated to PRF High and PRF Medium groups. The treatment protocol in each group included a periapical surgical procedure with placement of PRF clot and membrane in the bony defect and on the denuded root surface, respectively. Quality of life was assessed for 1 week after surgery following a modified version of the patient's perception questionnaire. Postoperative pain was assessed using a visual analog scale. Clinical and radiographic evaluations were performed using Rud and Molven 2D criteria and Modified PENN 3D criteria. Buccal bone formation was assessed using sagittal and corresponding axial sections in CBCT. Histological analysis was performed using hematoxylin and eosin (H and E) staining and attaching primary antibodies to tissue sections. In total, 40 patients were enrolled in the trial (N = 20 per group). PRF Medium group patients reported significantly less swelling on the 1st (p = 0.036), 2nd (p = 0.034), and 3rd (p = 0.023) days, and average pain on the 2nd (p = 0.031), 3rd (p = 0.03), and 4th (p = 0.04) days postoperatively. The difference in success rate for periapical healing was non-significant between the PRF Medium group (89.5%) and PRF High group (90%), in both 2D and 3D imaging (p = 0.957). The formation of buccal bone was observed in five cases (26.3%) and four cases (20%) in the PRF Medium and PRF High groups, respectively, with a non-significant difference (p = 0.575). PRF Medium clots had a loose fibrin structure with a significantly higher number of neutrophils (473.79 ± 82.89 per mm(2)) than PRF High clots, which had a dense structure and fewer neutrophils (253.15 ± 63.86 per mm(2)) (p = 0.001). Autologous platelet concentrates (APCs) promoted satisfactory periapical healing, with no significant difference between the groups. Within the limitations of the study, it seems that PRF Medium should be preferred over PRF High when the patients' quality of life is the priority.
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10.
Comparing efficacies of autologous platelet concentrate preparations as mono-therapeutic agents in intra-bony defects through systematic review and meta-analysis
Varshney, S., Dwivedi, A., Dwivedi, V.
Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research. 2023;13(6):671-681
Abstract
AIM: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess individually the regenerative potential of PRF (Platelet-rich Fibrin), PRP (Platelet-rich Plasma), and PRGF (Plasma Rich in Growth Factors) in comparison to OFD (Open Flap Debridement) alone for treating Intrabony defects, by calculating pooled effect sizes. BACKGROUND Relevant randomized controlled trials on humans were searched in PUBMED, COCHRANE CENTRAL, and GOOGLE SCHOLAR. Mean differences (MD) of Clinical Attachment level (CAL), Probing Pocket depth (PPD), and Defect Depth Reduction (DDR) between the Experimental and Control groups were used for calculating pooled effect sizes. Risk of bias was assessed using Cochrane's tool, and publication bias was evaluated through Funnel plots, Trim & Fill Method, and Rosenthal's Fail-Safe N Test. REVIEW RESULT A total of 23 studies were identified for qualitative and quantitative analysis. These studies were categorized into PRF, PRP, and PRGF groups based on the type of APC used. PRF showed the highest CAL gain (1.60 mm, 95% CI = 0.963-2.232 mm, P < 0.001, I2 = 93.83%) and PPD reduction (1.76 mm, 95% CI = 1.056 to 2.446, P < 0.001, I2 = 96.05%). However, PRP exhibited the greatest DDR (3.42 mm, 95% CI = -13.67 to -20.50, P = 0.011, I2 = 87.27%). PRF and PRP demonstrated large effect sizes, while PRGF showed a small effect size. CONCLUSION The use of PRF, PRP, and PRGF showed advantages in treating intrabony defects. However, caution is advised when interpreting the results due to heterogeneity and publication bias among the studies.
