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Platelet Rich Plasma and Platelet-Related Products in the Treatment of Radiculopathy-A Systematic Review of the Literature
Kubrova E, Martinez Alvarez GA, Her YF, Pagan-Rosado R, Qu W, D'Souza RS
Biomedicines. 2022;10(11)
Abstract
Back pain with radicular symptoms is associated with detrimental physical and emotional functioning and economic burden. Conservative treatments including physical, pharmacologic and injection therapy may not provide clinically significant or long-standing relief. Regenerative medicine research including Platelet rich plasma (PRP), Platelet lysate (PL) or Plasma rich in growth factors (PRGF) continues to develop, however evidence appraisal for treatment of radicular pain remains lacking. Thus, we performed a systematic review to evaluate the effectiveness of epidural steroid injections containing PRP or related products to treat radicular pain. Embase, PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), and Google Scholar databases were queried. Twelve studies were included in qualitative analysis, consisting of three randomized controlled trials and nine observational studies. The primary outcome was pain intensity, and secondary outcomes included functional improvement, anatomical changes on advanced imaging, and adverse events. All studies identified improved pain intensity and functional outcomes after epidural injection of PRP, PRGF and/or PL. Similar or longer lasting pain relief was noted in the PRP cohort compared to the cohort receiving epidural steroid injections with effects lasting up to 12-24 months. The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) analysis revealed a very-low certainty of evidence due to risk of bias, indirectness, and imprecision.
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2.
Observation on the effect of platelet-rich plasma combined with drugs in the treatment of herpes zoster neuralgia
Zhou Z, Hu X, Yan F, Zhou Y, He R, Ye X, Jiang Z
The International journal of neuroscience. 2022;:1-11
Abstract
Purpose: To observe the effect of ultrasound-guided platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injection in the treatment of herpes zoster neuralgia (HZN).Methods: Eighty patients with HZN were randomly divided into observation group and control group, with 40 cases in each group. The observation group was treated with ultrasound-guided PRP injection of target nerves combined with drugs. The control group was treated with drugs alone. The pain scores of before treatment (T0), and 1 week (T1), 1 month (T2), 3 months (T3) and 6 months (T4) after treatment were recorded with Numerical Rating Scale (NRS). The sleep quality of patients was assessed with the Athens Insomnia Scale, and the dosage used at each time point, skin lesions, adverse reactions, and the occurrence of postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) were recorded.Results: The NRS score of the two groups after treatment showed a downward trend. Compared with T0 at each time point, the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). And the NRS score of the observation group was lower than control group (P < 0.05). The sleep quality of the observation group was better. The dosage of the observation group was less, and the time of herpes dry-up, scab crusting and shedding in the observation group was significantly shorter (P < 0.05). The incidence of dizziness, lethargy, ataxia and PHN in the observation group was significantly reduced (P < 0.05).Conclusion: Compared with traditional drug treatment alone, the ultrasound-guided PRP injection has the advantages of better analgesia and fewer side effects, which provides a new idea for the treatment of HZN.
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3.
Efficacy of Local Autologous Platelet-Rich Plasma in the Treatment of Pressure Ulcer in Spinal Cord Injury Patients
Singh G, Borah D, Khanna G, Jain S
Cureus. 2021;13(10):e18668
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pressure ulcer is one of the common complications occurring in spinal cord injury (SCI) patients. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has been found useful in the treatment of pressure ulcers in few studies. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of PRP in pressure ulcer healing in comparison to hydrogel dressing in SCI patients. METHODS In this randomized interventional study, 52 patients of SCI having pressure ulcers of grade III/IV were randomized into two groups of 26 each. In group A patients, hydrogel dressing was done while freshly prepared PRP was used in patients of group B. Pressure ulcers were evaluated at baseline and after three weeks and six weeks in terms of ulcer surface area, volume, Pressure Ulcer Scale for Healing (PUSH) score, histopathology, and ulcer healing parameters. Data were collected and quantitative variables were compared using unpaired t-test or Mann-Whitney test between the two groups and qualitative variables were compared using the chi-square test or Fisher's exact test. A p-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS Baseline characteristics were comparable in both groups. There was a significant improvement in ulcers in terms of surface area, volume, and PUSH score in both the groups but it was comparable (p-value >0.05). There was a significant improvement in the PRP group as compared to the other group in terms of epithelization, granulation, and neovascularization at three and six-week follow-up. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that PRP is a possible and better alternative to conventional dressing methods for the treatment of pressure ulcers.
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4.
Effects of ultrasound-guided platelet rich plasma injection in patients with piriformis syndrome
Öztürk GT, Erden E, Erden E, Ulašlı AM
Journal of back and musculoskeletal rehabilitation. 2021
Abstract
BACKGROUND Piriformis syndrome (PS) is the common entrapment neuropathy causing buttock pain. Patients are conventionally treated with lifestyle modification, exercise, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, corticosteroid or botulinum toxin injections. However, some patients may not respond to these conventional treatment methods. Platelet rich plasma (PRP) injection has been shown to be beneficial in various muscular injuries, but its effects have not yet been investigated in PS. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to explore the effect of PRP on pain and functional status in patients with PS, and to identify any correlations between clinical changes and demographic features. METHODS A total of 60 patients with PS were randomly separated into two groups (PRP and control groups). All patients received one session of either PRP or saline injection performed under ultrasound guidance. The pain was measured with a visual analog scale (VAS) and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) scores were noted at three intervals in both groups: before treatment, 1 week after treatment and 1 month after treatment. RESULTS The VAS and ODI scores were improved in both groups. The improvement was more obvious in the PRP group in the first week, and the results were similar for both groups when measured 1 month after the treatment. CONCLUSION Ultrasound-guided PRP injection provided greater improvements in both pain and functional status in patients with PS, starting in the early period after treatment. A repeat injection might be needed for a long-term effect.
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5.
A Randomized Double-Blind Controlled Pilot Study Comparing Leucocyte-Rich Platelet-Rich Plasma and Corticosteroid in Caudal Epidural Injection for Complex Chronic Degenerative Spinal Pain
Ruiz-Lopez R, Tsai YC
Pain Pract. 2020
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To compare the efficacy and safety between leucocyte-rich platelet-rich plasma (LR-PRP) and corticosteroid in fluoroscopically guided caudal epidural injection for patients with complex chronic lumbar spinal pain. Study Design A prospective randomized controlled double blinded study METHODS Fifty eligible patients with complex chronic degenerative spinal pain were randomly assigned with 1:1 allocation ratio to receive caudal epidural injection of corticosteroid (triamcinolone acetonide, 60mg) or LR-PRP (isolated from 60 ml autologous blood) under fluoroscopic guidance. Levels of low back pain, quality of life, and complications (or adverse effects) were evaluated at 1, 3, and 6 months after treatment. Pain levels and quality of life were assessed using the visual analog scale (VAS) and short form SF-36, respectively. RESULTS No significant difference was shown at baseline between two groups. Compared with the pretreatment values, there were significant reduction in the VAS score in both groups. Significantly lower VAS score at 1-month follow-up was detected in patients who received corticosteroid injection. However, the scores were lower in the LR-PRP group at 3- and 6-month follow-up. SF-36 questionnaires measured at 6-month showed significant improvement at all domains in the LR-PRP group. There were no complications or adverse effects related with treatment during 6-month follow-up in either group. CONCLUSIONS Both autologous LR-PRP and corticosteroid for caudal epidural injections under fluoroscopic guidance are equally safe and therapeutically effective in patients with complex chronic lumbar spinal pain. However, LR-PRP is superior to corticosteroid for longer pain-relieving effect and improvement in quality of life.
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6.
Efficacy of platelet-rich plasma in the treatment of hemiplegic shoulder pain
Uzdu A, Kirazlı Y, Karapolat H, Unlu B, Tanıgör G, Çalış FA
Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology. 2020
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to examine the effects of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on pain and functional outcomes in patients with hemiplegic shoulder pain. We compared the effects of PRP against saline solution by designing a double blind, randomized, prospective study. DESIGN Forty-four patients with hemiplegia were included in this study. All patients received a total of 3 injections, 1 week apart. The first group received PRP injections while the second group received placebo injections. After 3 months of follow-up, 40 patients completed the trial. Primary outcome measure was movement-induced pain score (VAS), and secondary outcome measures were spontaneous pain score, shoulder passive range of motion (ROM), functional independence measure score, and the amount of paracetamol used. All subjects were evaluated at baseline, 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months after the completion of the last injection. RESULTS Both groups showed an improvement in spontaneous and movement-related pain scores and shoulder passive ROM values on 1st and 3rd month visits (p < 0.05). No significance difference was detected between groups (p > 0.05). Similarly, FIM scores improved significantly in both groups (p < 0.05) but no difference was found between groups. Paracetamol use did not differ significantly between groups. CONCLUSION The PRP injections were found not to be superior to placebo. Improvements in both groups can be attributed to the use of rehabilitation techniques and exercises in all patients. There is still need for further research to show whether PRP is a treatment option in the course of hemiplegic shoulder pain. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03931824.
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7.
Comparison of perineural platelet-rich plasma and dextrose injections for moderate carpal tunnel syndrome: A prospective randomized, single-blind, head-to-head comparative trial
Shen YP, Li TY, Chou YC, Ho TY, Ke MJ, Chen LC, Wu YT
Journal of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. 2019
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Recent studies demonstrated the utility of perineural injection with platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and 5% dextrose (D5W) as novel strategies for treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). The present study comprised a prospective, randomized, single-blind, head-to head comparative trial to compare the six-month outcome of perineural injection with PRP or D5W in patients with moderate CTS. METHODS Fifty-two patients with unilateral moderate CTS were enrolled and randomized into two groups: the PRP group received a single 3-cc perineural injection of PRP under ultrasound guidance and dextrose group received a single 3-cc perineural injection of D5W under ultrasound guidance. The Boston Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Questionnaire (BCTQ) score was used as the primary outcome. Secondary outcomes included cross-sectional area (CSA) of the median nerve and electrophysiological assessments. Evaluations were performed at baseline and at 1, 3, and 6 months post-injection. RESULTS All patients (26 patients per group) completed the study. Compared with the dextrose group, the PRP group demonstrated significant reductions in BCTQ-function at 3 months (p = 0.044), distal motor latency at 6 months (p = 0.028), and CSA at 3 and 6 months (p = 0.010 and 0.018, respectively). CONCLUSIONS A single perineural injection of PRP reduced the CSA of the median nerve more effectively than injection of D5W at 3 and 6 months post-injection for patients with moderate CTS.
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8.
Perineural Platelet-Rich Plasma for Diabetic Neuropathic Pain, Could It Make a Difference?
Hassanien M, Elawamy A, Kamel EZ, Khalifa WA, Abolfadl GM, Roushdy ASI, El Zohne RA, Makarem YS
Pain medicine (Malden, Mass.). 2019
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the clinical effect of perineural platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injection for pain and numbness alleviation in diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN). STUDY DESIGN A randomized prospective clinical trial. SETTING Pain clinic and Rheumatology and Rehabilitation Departments, Assiut University Hospital. METHODS Sixty adult patients with type II DM accompanied by DPN of at least six months' duration were assessed by modified Toronto Clinical Neuropathy Score (mTCNS) and randomly allocated into two groups. Group I underwent ultrasound-guided perineural PRP injection and medical treatment, and Group II received medical treatment only. Patients were followed up at months 1, 3, and 6 with regard to pain and numbness visual analog scale (VAS) and mTCNS scores. RESULTS Significant improvement was recorded in pain and numbness VAS scale scores in group I vs group II (P ≤ 0.001 during the whole study period for both parameters); at the same time, mTCNS improved in group I in comparison with group II with P = 0.01, 0.001, and <0.001 at months 1, 3, and 6, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Perineural PRP injection is an effective therapy for alleviation of diabetic neuropathy pain and numbness and enhancement of peripheral nerve function.
