Population
Patients with severe direct oral anticoagulant-related bleeding (60 studies, n= 4,735).
Intervention
4-factor prothrombin complex concentrates (n= 2,688).
Comparison
Idarucizumab (n= 1,111), or andexanet (n= 936).
Outcome
Mortality rates, thromboembolic events, and haemostatic efficacy were meta-analyzed using a random effects model. The mortality rate was 17.7%; 95% CI [15.1%, 20.4%], and it was higher in patients with intracranial bleedings (20.2%) than in patients with extracranial haemorrhages (15.4%). The thromboembolism rate was 4.6%; 95% CI [3.3%, 6.0%], being particularly high with andexanet (10.7%; 95% CI [6.5%, 15.7%]). The effective haemostasis rate was 78.5%; 95% CI [75.1%, 81.8%] and was similar regardless of the reversal agent considered. The rebleeding rate was 13.2%; 95% CI [5.5%, 23.1%] and 78% of rebleeds occurred after resumption of anticoagulation. The risk of death was markedly and significantly associated with failure to achieve effective haemostasis (relative risk: 3.63; 95% CI [2.56, 5.16]). The results were robust regardless of the type of study or the haemostatic scale used.