1.
Hyperoncotic Albumin Solution in Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy Patients
O'Brien Z, Finnis M, Gallagher M, Bellomo R
Blood purification. 2021;:1-10
Abstract
AIM: The aim of this study was to investigate the association of hyperoncotic (20%) human albumin solution (HAS) with outcomes among critically ill patients receiving continuous renal replacement therapy (RRT). METHODS Analysis of the Randomized Evaluation of Normal versus Augmented Level (RENAL) RRT trial data. RESULTS Of 1,508 patients, 771 (51%) received albumin. Of these, 345 (45%) received 4% HAS only, 155 (20%) received 20% HAS only, and 271 (35%) received both. Patients who received combined 4% and 20% HAS were more severely ill, received more days of RENAL trial therapy and required mechanical ventilation for longer. Mean daily fluid balance was -288 mL (-904 to 261) with 20% HAS only versus 245 mL (-248 to 1,050) with 4% HAS only (p < 0.001). On Cox proportional hazards regression, 20% HAS exposure was not associated with greater 90-day mortality (odds ratio 1.12, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.77-1.62; p = 0.55) or longer recovery to RRT independence (sub-hazard ratio 1.04, 95% CI: 0.84-1.30; p = 0.70) compared to those who received 4% HAS only. CONCLUSIONS RENAL trial patients commonly received albumin in varying concentrations. The administration of 20% HAS was associated with a more negative fluid balance but was not independently associated with increased mortality or RRT dependence when compared to 4% HAS only.
2.
Early Treatment with Human Albumin Solution in Continuous Renal Replacement Patients
O'Brien Z, Finnis M, Gallagher M, Bellomo R
Blood purification. 2020;:1-9
Abstract
AIMS: To study the impact of early human albumin solution (HAS) in continuous renal replacement therapy (RRT) patients. METHODS Analysis of Randomized Evaluation of Normal versus Augmented Level (RENAL) RRT trial data. RESULTS Of 1,464 patients, 500 (34%) received early albumin. These patients had higher illness severity scores, greater use of mechanical ventilation, and 90-day mortality (51 vs. 41%; p < 0.001). However, early albumin carried similar RRT dependence risk among survivors at day 90 (4.9 vs. 5.8%; p = 0.62). On Cox proportional hazards regression, with standardized inverse probability of treatment weighting, early albumin was not associated with increased mortality (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.23, 95% CI: 0.97-1.55; p = 0.09) or recovery to RRT independence (HR: 0.92, 95% CI: 0.78-1.10; p = 0.38). CONCLUSIONS Early albumin was administered to one-third of RENAL trial patients and in those with greater illness severity. Early albumin was not independently associated with mortality risk or rate of recovery to RRT independence.
3.
Epidemiology of RBC transfusions in patients with severe acute kidney injury: analysis from the Randomized Evaluation of Normal Versus Augmented Level Study
Bellomo R, Martensson J, Kaukonen KM, Lo S, Gallagher M, Cass A, Myburgh J, Finfer S, Randomized Evaluation of Normal Versus Augmented Level of Replacement Therapy Study Investigators
Critical Care Medicine. 2016;44((5)):892-900.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the epidemiology and outcomes associated with RBC transfusion in patients with severe acute kidney injury requiring continuous renal replacement therapy. DESIGN Post hoc analysis of data from a multicenter, randomized, controlled trial. SETTING Thirty-five ICUs in Australia and New Zealand. PATIENTS Cohort of 1,465 patients enrolled in the Randomized Evaluation of Normal versus Augmented Level replacement therapy study. INTERVENTIONS Daily information on morning hemoglobin level and amount of RBC transfused were prospectively collected in the Randomized Evaluation of Normal versus Augmented Level study. We analyzed the epidemiology of such transfusions and their association with clinical outcomes. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Overall, 977 patients(66.7%) received a total of 1,192 RBC units. By day 5, 785 of 977 transfused patients (80.4%) had received at least one RBC transfusion. Hemoglobin at randomization was lower in transfused than in nontransfused patients (94 vs 111g/L; p < 0.001). Mean daily hemoglobin was 88+/-7 and 99+/-12g/L in transfused and nontransfused patients. Among transfused patients, 228 (46.7%) had died by day 90 when compared with 426 (43.6%) of nontransfused patients (p = 0.27). Survivors received on average 316+/-261mL of RBC, whereas nonsurvivors received 302+/-362mL (p = 0.42). On multivariate Cox regression analysis, RBC transfusion was independently associated with lower 90-day mortality (hazard ratio, 0.55; 95% CI, 0.38-0.79). However, we found no independent association between RBC transfusions and mortality when the analyses were restricted to patients surviving at least 5 days (hazard ratio, 1.29; 95% CI, 0.90-1.85). We found no independent association between RBC transfusion and renal replacement therapy-free days, mechanical ventilator-free days, or length of stay in ICU or hospital. CONCLUSIONS In patients with severe acute kidney injury treated with continuous renal replacement therapy, we found no association of RBC transfusion with 90-day mortality or other patient-centered outcomes. The optimal hemoglobin threshold for RBC transfusion in such patients needs to be determined in future randomized controlled trials.