1.
Does tranexamic acid improve intra-operative visualisation in endoscopic ear surgery? A double-blind, randomised, controlled trial
Das A, Mitra S, Ghosh D, Kumar S, Sengupta A
The Journal of laryngology and otology. 2019;:1-5
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the effect of tranexamic acid on intra-operative bleeding and surgical field visualisation. METHODS Fifty patients undergoing various endoscopic ear surgical procedures, including endoscopic tympanoplasty, endoscopic atticotomy or mastoidectomy, endoscopic ossiculoplasty, and endoscopic stapedotomy, were randomly assigned to: a study group that received tranexamic acid or a control group which received normal saline. The intra-operative bleeding and operative field visualisation was graded using the Das and Mitra endoscopic ear surgery bleeding and field visibility score, which was separately analysed for the external auditory canal and the middle ear. RESULTS The Das and Mitra score was better (p < 0.05) in the group that received tranexamic acid as a haemostat when working in the external auditory canal; with respect to the middle ear, no statistically significant difference was found between the two agents. Mean values for mean arterial pressure, heart rate and surgical time were comparable in both groups, with no statistically significant differences. CONCLUSION Tranexamic acid appears to be an effective haemostat in endoscopic ear surgery, thus improving surgical field visualisation, especially during manipulation of the external auditory canal soft tissues.
2.
Does a single loading dose of tranexamic acid reduce perioperative blood loss and transfusion requirements after total knee replacement surgery? A randomized, controlled trial
Kundu R, Das A, Basunia SR, Bhattacharyya T, Chattopadhyay S, Mukherjee A
Journal of Natural Science Biology & Medicine. 2015;6((1):):94-9.
Abstract
BACKGROUND Total knee replacement (TKR) is associated with high-perioperative blood loss, which often requires allogenic blood transfusion. Among the many strategies to decrease the need for allogenic transfusion, tranexamic acid (TA) is used systemically in perioperative setting with promising outcome. Here we evaluated the efficacy of single preoperative bolus dose of TA on reduction in blood loss and red blood cell transfusion in patients undergoing unilateral TKR. MATERIALS AND METHODS 70, American Society of Anesthesiologists I-II patients scheduled for unilateral TKR were included. Patients were randomly allocated into two groups to receive either TA (Group-TA; 20 mg/kg diluted to 25 cc with normal saline) or an equivalent volume of normal saline (Group P). Hemoglobin concentration, packed cell volume, platelet count, fibrinogen level, D-dimer level was measured preoperatively and at 6(th) and 24(th) h postoperative period. RESULTS In Group P more blood, colloid and crystalloid solutions were used to replace the blood loss. 27 patients in Group TA did not require transfusion of any blood products compared to 6 patients in Group P (P < 0.0001) and only 3 units of blood was transfused in Group TA where as a total of 32 units of blood was transfused in Group P. Despite the more numerous transfusions, Hb% after 6 h and 24 h in Group P were considerably low in comparison with Group TA (P < 0.0001). CONCLUSION Tranexamic acid while significantly reducing blood loss caused by TKR surgery collaterally reduced the need for postoperative blood transfusion.
3.
Does the preoperative administration of tranexamic acid reduce perioperative blood loss and transfusion requirements after head neck cancer surgery? A randomized, controlled trial
Das A, Chattopadhyay S, Mandal D, Chhaule S, Mitra T, Mukherjee A, Mandal SK, Chattopadhyay S
Albang Maqalat Wa Abhat Fi Altahdir Waalinas. 2015;9((3)):384-90.
Abstract
BACKGROUND Head and neck cancer (HNC) surgery is associated with high intraoperative blood loss which may require urgent blood transfusion. Many strategies have been recommended to decrease the need for allogenic transfusion. Use of perioperative tranexamic acid (TA) has a promising role. AIMS This study was to evaluate the effectiveness of single preoperative bolus dose of TA on blood loss prevention and red blood cell transfusion in patients undergoing HNC surgery. STUDY DESIGN A prospective, double-blind, and randomized controlled study. MATERIALS AND METHODS From 2007 July to 2010 January; 80 patients, aged (35-55), of American Society of Anesthesiologists II-III scheduled for unilateral HNC surgeries were randomly received either TA (Group T) in a dose of 20 mg/kg diluted to 25 cc with normal saline or an equivalent volume of normal saline (Group C) in a tertiary care hospital. Hemoglobin (Hb) concentration, platelet count, packed cell volume, fibrinogen level, D-dimer level were measured pre- and post-operatively. RESULTS Saline (C) Group required more blood, colloid, crystalloid for blood loss. In Group T, 32 patients did not require transfusion of any blood products compared to five patients in Group C (P < 0.0001) and only eight units of blood was transfused in Group T, whereas a total of 42 units of blood was transfused in Group C. Even after numerous transfusions, Hb% after 6 h and 24 h in Group C were significantly low in comparison with Group T (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Thus, TA significantly reduces blood loss and chances of colloid, blood, and crystalloid transfusion caused by HNC surgery.