1.
Does topical application of tranexamic acid reduce intraoperative bleeding in sinus surgery during general anesthesia?
Kang H, Hwang SH
Brazilian journal of otorhinolaryngology. 2019
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Tranexamic acid is a hemostatic agent, which inhibits fibrin degradation, which may be beneficial in controlling bleeding during surgery. OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to provide a meta-analysis and review of the effects of tranexamic acid on hemorrhage and surgical fields and side effects on patients during endoscopic sinus surgery. METHODS Two authors independently searched six databases (Medline, SCOPUS, Embase, Web of Science, Google Scholar and Cochrane library) from the start of article collection until July 2018. Postoperative complications such as intraoperative bleeding, operative time, hypotension, nausea, vomiting, and coagulation profile were included in the analysis of tranexamic acid (Treatment Group) and placebo (Control Group) during the operation. RESULTS The amount of blood loss during surgery was statistically lower in the treatment group compared to the placebo group, and the surgical field quality was statistically higher in the treatment group than in the placebo group. On the other hand, there was no significant difference in operation time, hemodynamics, or coagulation profile between groups. In addition, tranexamic acid had no significant effect on vomiting and thrombosis compared to the Control Group. CONCLUSION This meta-analysis has shown that topical administration of tranexamic acid can reduce the amount of bleeding during surgery and improve the overall quality of the surgery. Hemodynamic instability during surgery, vomiting after surgery, or abnormal clotting profile were not reported. Additional studies are needed to confirm the results of this study because there are fewer studies.
2.
Efficacy of tranexamic acid on operative bleeding in endoscopic sinus surgery: A meta-analysis and systematic review
Kim DH, Kim S, Kang H, Jin HJ, Hwang SH
The Laryngoscope. 2018
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Tranexamic acid might help control bleeding during surgery because of antifibrinolytic characteristics. We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of systemic tranexamic acid compared to control in blood loss, operative time, and surgical field and incidence of postoperative emesis and thromboembolism in endoscopic sinus surgery. METHODS Two authors independently searched six databases (PubMed, SCOPUS, Embase, the Web of Science, Google Scholar, and the Cochrane database) from their inception to July 2018. The included studies compared perioperative tranexamic acid administration (treatment group) with a placebo, and the outcomes of interest were intraoperative morbidities, including surgical time, operative bleeding, and hypotension; postoperative morbidities such as nausea and vomiting; and coagulation profiles. RESULTS Seven studies comprising 562 participants were reviewed in this study. Operative time (standardized mean difference (SMD) = -0.60; 95% confidence interval (CI)[-0.93, -0.29]) and intraoperative blood loss (SMD = -0.66; 95% CI [-0.86, -0.46]) were statistically lower in the treatment group than placebo group; and the quality of the surgical field (SMD = -0.80; 95% CI [-1.12; -0.48]) and surgeon satisfaction (SMD = 1.74; 95% CI [1.36; 2.13]) were statistically higher in the treatment group than the placebo group. By contrast, there were no significant differences in the hemodynamic (SMD = 0.08; 95% CI [-0.20; 0.37]) and coagulation profiles (SMD = -0.18; 95% CI [-0.42, 0.07]) of the two groups. Additionally, tranexamic acid had no significant effect on emetic or thrombotic events compared to placebo. CONCLUSION This meta-analysis showed that the systemic administration of tranexamic acid could decrease operative time and blood loss intraoperatively, increasing the satisfaction of surgeons. It did not provoke intraoperative hemodynamic instability, postoperative emetic events, or coagulation profile abnormality. Only a small number of studies were enrolled, so further trials are needed to confirm the results of this study. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE IA. Laryngoscope, 2018.