1.
The association of endometriosis with placenta previa and postpartum hemorrhage: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Matsuzaki S, Nagase Y, Ueda Y, Lee M, Matsuzaki S, Maeda M, Takiuchi T, Kakigano A, Mimura K, Endo M, et al
American journal of obstetrics & gynecology MFM. 2021;:100417
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to review the effect of endometriosis on the prevalence of placenta previa, postpartum hemorrhage, and surgical outcomes in placenta previa patients with endometriosis. DATA SOURCES In compliance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews guidelines, a systematic review of the literature was conducted through December 31, 2020, using PubMed, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library. STUDY ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA Comparative studies between pregnant women with and without endometriosis, as well as studies that investigated the surgical outcomes in placenta previa patients with and without endometriosis, were included. STUDY APPRAISAL AND SYNTHESIS METHODS Two reviewers independently screened the titles and abstracts, completed data extraction, and assessed the reporting quality using the Risk Of Bias In Nonrandomized Studies of Interventions tool. RESULTS Nineteen studies (2010 to 2020) met the inclusion criteria (98,463 pregnancies with endometriosis and 7,184,313 pregnancies without endometriosis). In the adjusted-pooled analysis, endometriosis was associated with a higher rate of placenta previa (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 3.17, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.58-3.89), whereas the incidence of postpartum hemorrhage was similar between pregnant women with and without endometriosis (aOR 1.15, 95%CI 0.99-1.34). When the analysis was restricted to histologically confirmed endometriosis cases, the relationship of endometriosis with placenta previa (aOR 4.23, 95%CI 1.74-10.30) and postpartum hemorrhage (aOR 1.29, 95%CI 0.50-3.34) was consistent with results from the nonrestricted analysis. No study examined surgical outcomes in placenta previa patients with endometriosis. Three studies examined the effect of endometriosis on surgical outcomes during cesarean delivery: one study showed that endometriosis was associated with increased intraoperative bleeding during emergent cesarean delivery, the other study showed that endometriosis was associated with an increased incidence of postpartum hemorrhage during cesarean delivery (aOR 1.1, 95%CI 1.0-1.2), especially in primiparous, singleton pregnant women (aOR 1.7, 95%CI 1.5-2.0), and another study suggested a significantly higher rate of hysterectomy (7.1%) and bladder injury (7.1%) in those with endometriosis than in those without. CONCLUSIONS Endometriosis can potentially be associated with adverse surgical outcomes during cesarean delivery. Although there is a correlation between endometriosis and increased rate of placenta previa, surgical outcomes in placenta previa patients with endometriosis remain understudied.