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Diagnostic accuracy of dual-energy computed tomography to differentiate intracerebral hemorrhage from contrast extravasation after endovascular thrombectomy for acute ischemic stroke: systematic review and meta-analysis
Chen S, Zhang J, Quan X, Xie Y, Deng X, Zhang Y, Shi S, Liang Z
European radiology. 2021
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess whether dual-energy computed tomography (DECT), using conventional computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging as a reference standard, is sufficiently accurate to differentiate intracerebral hemorrhage from contrast extravasation after endovascular thrombectomy for acute ischemic stroke. METHODS On January 20, 2021, we searched the PubMed Medline, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases. QUADAS-2 was used to assess the risk of bias and applicability. Meta-analyses were performed using a bivariate random-effects model. To explore sources of heterogeneity, meta-regression analyses were performed. Deeks' funnel plot asymmetry test was used to assess publication bias. RESULTS A total of 7 studies (269 patients, 269 focal areas) were included. The pooled mean sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of DECT in identifying intracerebral hemorrhage from contrast extravasation after mechanical thrombectomy for acute ischemic stroke were 0.77 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.29 to 0.96), 1 (95% CI 0.86 to 1), and 0.99 (95% CI 0.98 to 1), respectively. This evidence was of moderate certainty due to the risk of bias. Higgin's I-squared for study heterogeneity was observed for the pooled sensitivity (I(2) = 78.88%) and pooled specificity (I(2) = 82.12%). Moreover, Deeks' funnel plot asymmetry test revealed no publication bias (p = 0.38). CONCLUSION DECT shows excellent accuracy and specificity in differentiating intracerebral hemorrhage from contrast extravasation after endovascular thrombectomy for acute ischemic stroke. Nevertheless, there was substantial and moderate heterogeneity among the studies. Future large-scale, prospective cohort studies are warranted to validate our findings. KEY POINTS • Dual-energy computed tomography shows excellent accuracy and specificity in differentiating intracerebral hemorrhage from contrast extravasation after endovascular thrombectomy for acute ischemic stroke. • Via meta-regression analysis, we found various possible covariates, including the publication date, image analysis, index test time, time of follow-up imaging, and reference standard judgment, that had an important effect on the heterogeneity. • There were no concerns regarding applicability in any of the included studies.
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Effect of thrombelastography on timing of coronary artery bypass grafting
Yang Z, Xie Z, Pei X, Quan X, Feng D
Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine. 2018;16((2)):579-584.
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Abstract
The guiding value of thrombelastography (TEG) on the selection of surgical timing for patients scheduled for coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) was investigated. A total of 90 subjects with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) treated between February 2014 and December 2016 in Henan Provincial People's Hospital were recruited. The patients received dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) and were scheduled for CABG. Subjects were randomly allocated into two groups, TEG group (n=45) and non-TEG group (n=45). Patients in the TEG group withheld medications at 24 h prior to surgery and received TEG examination. Based on maximum amplitude of adenosine diphosphate (MAADP), subjects were further grouped into three sub-groups with MAADP <35 mm, 35-50 mm, and >50 mm, and accordingly received CABG within 1 day, 3-5 days and 5 days later, respectively. Subjects in the control group (non-TEG group) received CABG 5-7 days after medication withdrawal. Chest drainage volume within 24 h after surgery and red blood cell transfusion during perioperative period were compared. Other recorded parameters were incubation period, intensive care unit length of stay, hospital stay, incidence of 30-day adverse events and readmission rate. The average waiting time before CABG for patients of TEG group was shorter compared with the commonly recommended time. The red blood cell transfusions during perioperative period of subjects in TEG group and non-TEG group were significantly different (P=0.23). The median hospital stay of subjects in TEG group was shorter than that of non-TEG group (P=0.037). The bleeding amount of patients in TEG group was 220.16+/-80.56 ml, which was significantly lower than that of non-TEG group (435.29+/-90.16). The difference was statistically significant (P=0.032). The results suggested that TEG assay-based evaluation of platelet function for patients scheduled for CABG reasonably guides surgeons with appropriate surgical timing and reduces the amount of time patients wait to be treated.