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Clinical efficacy of platelet-rich plasma in the treatment of lateral epicondylitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized placebo-controlled clinical trials
Simental-Mendia M, Vilchez-Cavazos F, Alvarez-Villalobos N, Blazquez-Saldana J, Pena-Martinez V, Villarreal-Villarreal G, Acosta-Olivo C
Clinical rheumatology. 2020
Abstract
To compare the effects of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injection versus placebo (saline injection) on pain and joint function in lateral epicondylitis in randomized placebo-controlled trials. Randomized controlled trials that evaluated pain (visual analog scale [VAS] and patient-rated tennis elbow evaluation [PRTEE]) and/or functional improvement (PRTEE; disability of the arm, shoulder, and hand [DASH]; and Roles-Maudsley score [RMS]) in patients diagnosed with lateral epicondylitis and compared PRP with placebo injections were considered. The MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Scopus databases were searched from inception to October 2019. The assessment of bias was performed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool version 1. The meta-analysis was conducted with a random effects model and generic inverse variance method. Five trials involving a total of 276 individuals were included. They used a parallel study design and saline solution as placebo. The mean age of participants was 48.0 +/- 9.3 years. Follow-up varied from 2 months to 1 year. No significant changes were noted for pain (standardized mean difference [SMD], - 0.51 [95% confidence interval (CI), - 1.32 to - 0.30]) nor functional scores (SMD, - 0.07 [95% CI, - 0.46 to 0.33]) between PRP and placebo injections. The most frequent adverse reaction reported in two of the five studies was transient post-injection pain for a few days (from 16 to 20% in the PRP group and from 8 to 16% in the placebo group). PRP injection was not superior to placebo for relieving pain and joint functionality in chronic lateral epicondylitis. However, patients reported improvement after both interventions in such clinical parameters. Further randomized trials are required to determine whether PRP injection is clinically more effective than placebo (saline injection).
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Comparison of the Clinical Effectiveness of Single Versus Multiple Injections of Platelet-Rich Plasma in the Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Vilchez-Cavazos F, Millan-Alanis JM, Blazquez-Saldana J, Alvarez-Villalobos N, Pena-Martinez VM, Acosta-Olivo CA, Simental-Mendia M
Orthopaedic journal of sports medicine. 2019;7(12):2325967119887116
Abstract
Background: Reports have concluded that platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is an effective and safe biological approach in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis (OA). However, no consensus has been established regarding the number of injections required to observe a therapeutic effect. Purpose: To compare the clinical effectiveness reported in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of single versus multiple PRP injections in the treatment of knee OA. Study Design: Systematic review; Level of evidence, 1. Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted for RCTs published between 1970 and 2019 that compared the effect of single versus multiple PRP injections on pain and functionality in patients with knee OA. Searched databases included MEDLINE, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. A data extraction form was designed to obtain bibliographic information of the study as well as patient, intervention, comparison, and outcomes of interest data. A random-effects model was used to pool quantitative data from the primary outcomes. Results: We included 5 clinical trials with a low-moderate risk of bias that reported data for 301 patients. Meta-analysis showed that, at 6 months after the intervention, single and multiple (double or triple) injections had similar pain improvement, with no significant differences (standardized mean difference [SMD], 0.61 [95% CI, -1.09 to 2.31]; I (2) = 97%; P = .48). A significant improvement in knee functionality was observed in favor of multiple injections (SMD, 2.29 [95% CI, 0.45-4.12]; I (2) = 97%; P = .01). Subanalysis showed that the significant improvement was only evident for the results of single versus triple injections (SMD, 3.12 [95% CI, 0.64-5.60]; I (2) = 97%; P = .01). Conclusion: According to our results, a single injection was as effective as multiple PRP injections in pain improvement; however, multiple injections seemed more effective in joint functionality than a single injection at 6 months. We consider that the available evidence is still insufficient, and future research on this specific topic is needed to confirm our results.
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3.
Intraarticular injection of platelet-rich plasma in knee osteoarthritis: single versus triple application approach. Pilot study
Simental-Mendia M, Acosta-Olivo CA, Hernandez-Rodriguez AN, Santos-Santos OR, de la Garza-Castro S, Pena-Martinez VM, Vilchez-Cavazos F
Acta reumatologica portuguesa. 2019
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the clinical effectiveness of the triple intra-articular injection of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) with respect to the single injection in patients with mild osteoarthritis of the knee. METHODS A total of 35 patients with a clinical and radiographic diagnosis of osteoarthritis grade I and II were analyzed. They were randomized into two groups: single application (18 patients) and triple application (17 patients). Both groups were evaluated using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities (WOMAC) index, and the Health Survey 12v2 (SF-12) at baseline and at 6, 12, 24, 36 and 48 weeks post-treatment. RESULTS Both treatments significantly decreased the level of pain (VAS) (single, from 7.3+/-2.1 to 4.6+/-2.7 and triple, from 6.6+/-2.4 to 0.9+/-1.4; p lt 0.05) and the total WOMAC (single, from 44.2+/-19.7 to 26.7+/-24.9 and triple, from 41.4+/-15.5 to 7.2+/-7.3; p lt 0.05) at the end of the study. The triple application showed better improvement in the VAS (p= 0.0007) and the total WOMAC (p= 0.0209) scores when comparing the final results between groups. CONCLUSION The triple infiltration of PRP in patients with mild knee osteoarthritis is clinically more effective than the single application at 48 weeks of follow-up.
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Treatment of lateral ankle sprain with platelet-rich plasma: A randomized clinical study
Blanco-Rivera J, Elizondo-Rodriguez J, Simental-Mendia M, Vilchez-Cavazos F, Pena-Martinez VM, Acosta-Olivo C
Foot and ankle surgery : official journal of the European Society of Foot and Ankle Surgeons. 2019
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to clinically evaluate the effect of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) therapy in patients with acute lateral ankle sprain treated with rigid immobilization. METHODS Patients with first-time grade II lateral ankle sprain clinically diagnosed were evaluated (n=21). A rigid immobilization was placed in all patients for ten days; previously, an application of PRP over the anterior talofibular ligament was performed in patients from the experimental group. The Visual Analogue Scale, the American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Score, and the Foot and Ankle Disability Index were applied at 3, 5, 8 and 24 weeks of follow-up period. RESULTS The experimental group presented the highest reduction in pain and better functional scores than the control group at 8 weeks. At the end of follow-up period the results of both groups were similar. CONCLUSIONS A similar evolution was observed in patients treated with rigid immobilization with or without PRP after 24 weeks. TRIAL REGISTRATION Clinical Trials.gov with ID NCT02609308.
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Delayed union of humeral shaft fractures: comparison of autograft with and without platelet-rich plasma treatment: a randomized, single blinded clinical trial
Acosta-Olivo C, Garza-Borjon A, Simental-Mendia M, Vilchez-Cavazos F, Tamez-Mata Y, Pena-Martinez V
Archives of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery. 2017;137((9):):1247-1252
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Despite an adequate orthopedic treatment with functional bracing, some patients develop a delayed union in humeral shaft fractures. The objective of the present study was to determine the bone consolidation time among patients with delayed union of diaphyseal humeral fractures who were managed with locking compression plate (LCP) fixation combined with an iliac crest autograft using platelet-rich plasma (PRP) as a co-adjuvant. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study was a controlled, randomized, experimental, longitudinal, comparative, prospective, blind clinical trial. Patients diagnosed with delayed union of a diaphyseal humeral fracture with at least 4 months of evolution were treated with an open reduction and LCP osteosynthesis combined with an iliac crest autograft. The experimental group also received PRP. The patients were assessed radiographically until 36 weeks of evolution. RESULTS A total of 16 patients were included. Both groups had similar demographic characteristics. The patients treated with PRP had an earlier beginning of bone consolidation. Furthermore, these same patients exhibited bone consolidation at 19.9 weeks, on average, in contrast to 25.4 weeks in the control group. CONCLUSIONS The use of PRP promotes earlier bone consolidation in patients with delayed union of the humeral shaft.
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Leukocyte-poor platelet-rich plasma is more effective than the conventional therapy with acetaminophen for the treatment of early knee osteoarthritis
Simental-Mendia M, Vilchez-Cavazos JF, Pena-Martinez VM, Said-Fernandez S, Lara-Arias J, Martinez-Rodriguez HG
Archives of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery. 2016;136((12):):1723-1732
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative and progressive articular cartilage disease. Infiltration of autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has been proposed as a therapeutic alternative due to the content of biologically active cytokines in PRP. We aimed to compare the clinical response of acetaminophen and intra-articular leukocyte-poor PRP (LP-PRP) in early knee OA. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 65 patients with clinically and radiographically documented knee OA (grade 1-2) were analyzed. Patients were randomized into two groups: 32 were treated with acetaminophen (500 mg/8 h) over 6 weeks, and 33 received three intra-articular injections of autologous LP-PRP (once every 2 weeks). All patients were evaluated by the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities (WOMAC) score, and the SF-12 health survey at baseline and 6, 12, and 24 weeks of follow-up. All LP-PRP preparations were analyzed for the platelet, leukocyte, IL-1ra, and TGF-beta concentrations. RESULTS The decrease in the VAS pain level in the LP-PRP group was greater than that in the acetaminophen group (p < 0.05). Patients treated with LP-PRP showed a sustained improvement in knee function at week 24 (p < 0.01). The SF-12 results only indicated an improvement in quality-of-life in the LP-PRP group at 6, 12, and 24 weeks of follow-up (p < 0.01). Both IL-1ra and TGF-beta were detected in the LP-PRP samples (313.8 +/- 231.6 and 21,183.8 +/- 8556.3 pg/mL, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Treatment with LP-PRP injections resulted in a significantly better clinical outcome than did treatment with acetaminophen, with sustained lower EVA and WOMAC scores and improvement in quality-of-life (higher SF-12 score). Therapy with LP-PRP may positively modify the inflammatory joint environment by counteracting IL-1beta action.
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Plantar fasciitis. A comparison of treatment with intralesional steroids versus platelet-rich plasma (PRP). A randomized, blinded study
Acosta-Olivo C, Elizondo-Rodriguez J, Lopez-Cavazos R, Vilchez-Cavazos F, Simental-Mendia M, Mendoza-Lemus O
Journal of the American Podiatric Medical Association. 2016;107((6):):490-496
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many treatment options for plantar fasciitis currently exist, some with great success in pain relief. The objective of our study was to compare the use of intralesional steroids with platelet-rich plasma (PRP), using pain scales and functional evaluation, in patients with plantar fasciitis who did not respond to conservative treatment. METHODS A controlled, randomized, blinded clinical assay was performed. Patients were assigned to one of the two groups by selecting a sealed envelope. The steroid treatment group received 8 mg of dexamethasone plus 2 mL of lidocaine as a local anesthetic. The PRP treatment group received 3 mL of plasma activated with 0.45 mL of 10% calcium gluconate. All of the patients were evaluated at the beginning of the study, and at 2, 4, 8, 12, and 16 weeks post-treatment with the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), Foot and Ankle Disability Index (FADI), and American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) scale. RESULTS The right foot was the most frequently affected foot (63%). The average age of the patients was 44.8 years (range, 24-61 years). All scales used (VAS, FADI and AOFAS) showed that the difference was not statistically significant between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS We can conclude that the use of PRP is an effective treatment method for patients with plantar fasciitis who do not respond to conservative treatment because PRP demonstrates an efficacy equal to that of steroids. However, the cost and the time for preparation the PRP are two of the disadvantages of this treatment.