Abstract

This work was to explore the efficacy of intelligent algorithm-based computed tomography (CT) to evaluate platelet-rich plasma (PRP) combined with vacuum sealing drainage (VSD) in the treatment of patients with pressure ulcers. Based on the u-net network structure, an image denoising algorithm based on double residual convolution neural network (Dr-CNN) was proposed to denoise the CT images. A total of 84 patients who were hospitalized in hospital were randomly divided into group A (without any intervention), group B (PRP treatment), group C (VSD treatment), and group D (PRP+VSD treatment). Procalcitonin (PCT) was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) combined with immunofluorescence method, C-reactive protein (CRP) was detected by rate reflectance turbidimetry (RRT), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) was detected by electrochemiluminescence method. The results showed that after treatment, 44 cases (52.38%) of pressure ulcers patients recovered, 24 cases (28.57%) had no change in stage, and 16 cases (19.04%) developed pressure ulcers. The pain scores of group D at 1 week (3.35 ± 0.56 points) and 2 weeks (2.76 ± 0.55 points) after treatment were significantly lower than those in group C (7.77 ± 0.58 points and 6.34 ± 0.44 points, respectively). The time of complete wound healing in group D (24.5 ± 2.32) was obviously lower in contrast to that in groups A, B, and C (35.54 ± 3.22 days, 30.23 ± 2 days, and 29.34 ± 2.15 days, respectively). In addition, the medical satisfaction of group D (8.74 ± 0.69) was significantly higher than that of groups A, B, and C (4.69 ± 0.85, 5.22 ± 0.31, and 5.18 ± 0.59, respectively). The levels of IL-6 and PCT in group D were lower than those in groups A, B, and C, and the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.01). The average values of peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR) and structural similarity index measure (SSIM) of the Dr-CNN network model were 37.21 ± 1.09 dB and 0.925 ± 0.01, respectively, which were higher than other algorithms. The mean values of root mean square error (MSE) and normalized mean absolute distance (NMAD) of the Dr-CNN network model were 0.022 ± 0.002 and 0.126 ± 0.012, respectively, which were significantly lower than other algorithms (P < 0.05). The experimental results showed that PrP combined with VSD could significantly reduce the inflammatory response of patients with pressure ulcers. PRP combined with VSD could significantly reduce the pain of dressing change for patients. Moreover, the performance model of image denoising algorithm based on double residual convolutional neural network was better than other algorithms.

Abstract

BACKGROUND The blood saving efficacy of TXA in cardiac surgery has been proved in several studies, but TXA dosing regimens were varied in those studies. Therefore, we performed this study to investigate if there is a dose dependent in-vivo effect of TXA on fibrinolysis parameters by measurement of fibrinolysis markers in adults undergoing cardiac surgery with CPB. METHODS A double-blind, randomized, controlled prospective trial was conducted from February 11, 2017 to May 05, 2017. Thirty patients undergoing cardiac valve surgery were identified and randomly divided into a placebo group, low-dose group and high-dose group by 1: 1: 1. Fibrinolysis parameters were measured by plasma levels of D-Dimers, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), thrombin activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAFI), plasmin-antiplasmin complex (PAP), tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) and thrombomodulin (TM). Those proteins were measured at five different sample times: preoperatively before the TXA injection (T(1)), 5 min after the TXA bolus (T(2)), 5 min after the initiation of CPB (T(3)), 5 min before the end of CPB (T(4)) and 5 min after the protamine administration (T(5)). A Thrombelastography (TEG) and standard coagulation test were also performed. RESULTS Compared with the control group, the level of the D-Dimers decreased in the low-dose and high-dose groups when the patients arrived at the ICU and on the first postoperative morning. Over time, the concentrations of PAI-1, TAFI, and TM, but not PAP and tPA, showed significant differences between the three groups (P <  0.05). Compared with the placebo group, the plasma concentrations of PAI-1 and TAFI decreased significantly at the T3 and T4 (P <  0.05); TAFI concentrations also decreased at the T5 in low-dose group (P < 0.05). Compared with the low-dose group, the concentration of TM increased significantly at the T4 in high-dose group. CONCLUSIONS The in-vivo effect of low dose TXA is equivalent to high dose TXA on fibrinolysis parameters in adults with a low bleeding risk undergoing valvular cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass, and a low dose TXA regimen might be equivalent to high dose TXA for those patients. TRIAL REGISTRATION ChiCTR-IPR-17010303 , Principal investigator: Zhen-feng ZHOU, Date of registration: January 1, 2017.

Abstract

Eltrombopag is an orally administered, non-peptide, thrombopoietin receptor agonist which initiates thrombopoietin signaling and stimulates the production of normally functioning platelet. We aimed to do a systematic review and meta-analysis of currently available published data to verify whether eltrombopag treatment in patients with chronic immune-mediated thrombocytopenia can prolong survival. We searched for published, randomized, controlled trials in PubMed, Cochrane and Scopus databases using the following search strategy ("Eltrombopag" OR "Benzoates" OR "Hydrazines") AND ("Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura" OR "immune thrombocytopenia" OR "Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpuras" OR "Immune Thrombocytopenia" OR "Autoimmune Thrombocytopenia" OR "Werlhof"). The pooled relative risk (RR) showed that eltrombopag group has significantly higher overall platelet response than placebo group (MD = 3.42, 95% CI [2.51, 4.65], P > .0001); pooled results were homogenous (P = .27, I(2) = 22%). The pooled relative risk showed that eltrombopag group has lower incidence of any bleeding than placebo group (MD = 0.65, 95% CI [0.48, 0.87], P = .003); pooled results were heterogenous (P = .001, I(2) = 75%) and the detected heterogeneity was best resolved after excluding Bussel et al (P = .10). Homogeneous results were still favored eltrombopag group (MD = 0.75, 95% CI [0.60, 0.93], P = .008).

Abstract

The study aimed to investigate the effects of postoperative position of knee on blood loss and functional recovery after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). We enrolled patients who underwent TKA from 2017 to 2019 in our department with osteoarthritis of the knee in this prospective and randomized study. The patients were randomly allocated to flexion or extension group. In the flexion group, the affected leg was elevated by 30 degrees at the hip and the knee was flexed by 30-degree, postoperatively, while in the extension group, the affected knee was fully extended postoperatively. Patients' data related to postoperative blood loss, Hospital for Special Surgery scores, pain intensity, usage of analgesic drugs, circumference of knee, and range of motion (ROM) of knee were recorded to assess the influence of postoperative leg position on clinical outcomes. Although the transfusion rate was similar between the two groups (p > 0.05), other parameters related to blood loss (including total blood loss, hidden blood loss, usage of analgesic drugs, and postoperative circumference of knee) were significantly lower in the flexion group than those in the extension group (p < 0.05). After 6 weeks and 6 months of rehabilitation, patients gained a similar ROM in the affected knee in both groups (p > 0.05). The length of hospital stay and medical expenses were similar in both groups. Incidence of wound infection and other complications was also similar in both groups (p > 0.05). Elevation of the hip by knee flexion of 30 degrees is an effective and simple method to reduce blood loss after TKA, and contributes to reduction of the dosage of analgesic drugs in the early postoperative period. The routine application of the present protocol also did not increase medical costs and length of hospital stay after TKA.